中国牛业科学2025，Vol.51Issue(4)：39-45,49,8.DOI:10.26951/j.cnki.ccs.2025.04.007
不同处理条件对冬季牛粪堆肥效果的影响
Effects of Different Treatment Conditions on Composting of Cow Manure in Winter
摘要
Abstract
This study investigated the specific effects of different factors-including microbial inoculants,auxiliary materials,etc.on the composting and fermentation process of cow manure.We designed five expe-rimental groups for detailed observation.In the indoor experiment,Group A(cow manure+microbial agent 1)and Group B(cow manure+microbial agent 2)were compared.In the outdoor experiment,within the first 25 days of composting fermentation,there was only one experimental group C(cow manure+mi-crobial agent 1).At the 25th day,group C was subdivided into three groups:Group C1(cow manure+mi-crobial agent 1+orchard grass),Group C2(cow manure+microbial agent 1+African foxtail grass)and Group C3(cow manure+microbial agent 1).Compost piles were turned on days 7,21,and 50.The plastic transparent film of the greenhouse was covered on day 15(day 25 for C1,C2 and C3,the film was covered on day 25),and removed on day 80.Samples were collected on days 1,25,90,and 120 to determine total ni-trogen,phosphorus,potassium,moisture content and p H.The results showed that:①In the indoor experi-ments,both Group A and Group B compost piles experienced three heating phases and one high-tempera-ture phase.Group A had an average temperature of 53.19℃,and a peak of 54.38℃,while Group B ave-raged 49.78℃ with a peak of 52.79℃.After 120 days of fermentation,Group A showed higher total nitro-gen(+0.16%)and phosphorus(+0.15%)than Group B,but lower potassium(-0.52%)and organic matter content(-4.28%).These results suggest that microbial agent 1 promotes superior composting per-formance.②The temperatures of the indoor Group A and Group B were significantly higher than those of the outdoor Group C.The highest temperature in Group C was 39.17℃,and it did not reach the high-tem-perature period.Compared to 1 day of fermentation,at 25 days of fermentation,the total nitrogen content in Group A increased by 0.50%,the total phosphorus content increased by 0.12%,the total potassium content decreased by 0.09%,and the organic matter content decreased by 4.60%.While in Group C,the total nitro-gen content increased by 0.06%,the total phosphorus content increased by 0.04%,the total potassium con-tent increased by 0.12%,and the organic matter content decreased by 0.54%.This indicates that the indoor composting effect was better.③During the composting process,the temperature of the compost piles in Group C1 and C2 did not change significantly,and they did not experience a distinct heating period,high-temperature period,or cooling period.Group C3 experienced one heating period.Compared with the 25th day,the total nitrogen content of Group C1 increased by 0.01%at the end of the experiment,while that of Groups C2 and C3 decreased by 0.16%and 0.24%respectively.Additionally,the total phosphorus content increased by 0.07%,0.15%,and 0.15%respectively,and the total potassium content decreased by 0.63%,0.95%,and 0.51%respectively.The organic matter content decreased by 8.72%,7.23%,and 7.02%respec-tively.The composting effect of Group C3 was slightly better.④Under low-temperature in winter the ap-plication of transparent plastic film had limited impact on compost temperature.After the transparent plas-tic film was removed on days 80 of composting fermentation,the external environmental temperature was also gradually rising.The pile temperatures of Group A,Group B,and Group C3 showed significant increa-ses at this time.These findings indicate that cold conditions in winter and plastic film coverage are unfavo-rable for compost fermentation,while while moderate external temperatures substantially enhance micro-bial activity and fermentation efficiency.关键词
牛粪/好氧堆肥/微生物菌剂/冬季Key words
cow manure/aerobic composting/microbial agent/winter分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
赵婷婷,张继才,武晓倩,马清丙,王喆,吴文荣,张斌,李世平,施丹丹,洪泽宣,高月娥,宋怡乐,陈艳美..不同处理条件对冬季牛粪堆肥效果的影响[J].中国牛业科学,2025,51(4):39-45,49,8.基金项目
云南省高原特色农业领域科技计划资助项目(202302AE090009) （202302AE090009）
现代农业产业技术体系资助项目(CARS-37) （CARS-37）
"三区"科技人才资助项目 （）
云南省平台类资助项目(202449CE340020) （202449CE340020）
