太平洋学报2025，Vol.33Issue(7)：93-106,14.DOI:10.14015/j.cnki.1004-8049.2025.07.007
北极国家管辖范围以外海域环境影响评价体系的优化
Optimization of the Environmental Impact Assessment System for Arctic Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction
摘要
Abstract
Environmental impact assessment(EIA)serves as the first line of defense in environmental pro-tection,but the current EIA system for areas beyond national jurisdiction in the Arctic is deficient,with un-certain thresholds and criteria for EIA,the lack of a unified legally binding legal framework and difficulties in guaranteeing the participation of indigenous peoples'organizations.The BBNJ Agreement aligns with the special demands of the Arctic EIA system.The layered setting and operability of the EIA obligations accord with the special needs of the Arctic environment.The accountability of the EIA system makes up for the lack of binding force of the Arctic EIA system.The international EIA system with multiple subjects fits the com-plex geopolitical pattern in the Arctic.After the BBNJ Agreement enters into force in the future,it should be in a coordinated and cooperative relationship with the existing instruments,frameworks and bodies.The BBNJ Agreement should respect the existing instruments,frameworks and bodies,strengthen them where necessary,and promote their further improvement.Given the compatibility of the BBNJ Agreement with the demands of the Arctic EIA regime,the Agreement should serve as the basis for optimizing the EIA regime for areas beyond national jurisdiction in the Arctic:establishing uniform EIA standards through synergistic approaches of hard and soft law;facilitating the implementation of EIA obligations through collaborative governance of existing institutions;and clarifying procedural rules to guarantee the substantive participation of indigenous peoples and local communities.关键词
环境影响评价/BBNJ协定/北极国家管辖范围以外海域/土著人民/北极理事会Key words
the environmental impact assessment/the BBNJ Agreement/arctic areas beyond national juris-diction/indigenous peoples/the Arctic Council分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
郑舒涵..北极国家管辖范围以外海域环境影响评价体系的优化[J].太平洋学报,2025,33(7):93-106,14.基金项目
本文系国家社会科学基金重大研究专项"新时代海洋强国建设"(20VHQ014)的阶段性研究成果. （20VHQ014）
