建筑结构学报2025，Vol.46Issue(8)：114-132,19.DOI:10.14006/j.jzjgxb.2025.0053
强动载作用下构件相似理论与尺度效应研究进展
Research progress on similarity theory and scaling effect of components under strong dynamic loads
摘要
Abstract
To address the high costs and safety risks associated with full-scale prototype testing under intense dynamic loads,scaled model testing based on similarity theory has become a critical alternative.However,the scaling effect often leads to significant discrepancies in dynamic responses between scaled models and prototypes,compromising prediction accuracy.This paper systematically reviewed research progress on component similarity theory and the scaling effect under intense dynamic loads,such as impact,penetration,and explosion.First,the principles of classical similarity laws based on dimensional analysis were outlined,along with their limitations under dynamic loads due to factors such as strain rate effects,gravity,material fracture,and geometric/material distortions.Subsequently,various modified similarity laws for dynamic conditions were summarized,including the"corrected velocity method"and"corrected mass/density method."Through analyses of experimental and numerical simulation results for low-velocity impact,concrete penetration,and explosion tests,the scaling effect on dynamic responses and its primary influencing factors,such as strain rate effects,material heterogeneity,and plastic deformation were elucidated.Finally,response prediction methods based on dimensionless numbers and multi-factor coupled models were summarized,with their limitations in accuracy and generalizability critically discussed.Additionally,future research directions were proposed,including the development of a unified theoretical framework,enhanced full-scale field testing,and the integration of intelligent prediction methods.关键词
相似理论/尺度效应/爆炸与冲击/动力响应/研究进展Key words
similarity theory/scaling effect/impact and explosion/dynamic response/research progress分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
金浏,李健,张仁波,杜修力,吴少雄..强动载作用下构件相似理论与尺度效应研究进展[J].建筑结构学报,2025,46(8):114-132,19.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52308130),北京市自然科学基金项目(JQ22025). （52308130）
