环境与职业医学2025，Vol.42Issue(7)：786-792,7.DOI:10.11836/JEOM24556
基于非线性回归的峰度调整等效声级方法的调整项及调整系数
Adjustment terms and coefficients of nonlinear regression-based kurtosis-adjusted equivalent sound level method
摘要
Abstract
[Background]Noise-induced hearing loss(NIHL)is a prevalent occupational health problem in workplace settings,with non-steady noise exposure being particularly widespread.Although kur-tosis-adjusted equivalent sound level(L'EX,8h)methods based on linear regression are available to assess hearing damage,the complexity of kurtosis effects necessitates introducing new metrics through nonlinear regression to improve predictive accuracy for hearing loss from non-steady noise exposure. [Objective]To examine the adjustment terms[lg(βN/βG)]and coefficients(λ)of L'EX,8h using nonlinear regression and evaluate the method's effectiveness in assessing occupational hearing loss associated with non-steady noise exposure. [Methods]A cross-sectional study design was employed,enrolling 1034 manufacturing workers and evaluating noise exposure to estimate hearing loss metrics.Quantile regression analysis quantified the proportional contributions of influencing factors for noise-induced per-manent threshold shift at 3,4,and 6 kHz frequencies(NIPTS346).L'EX,8h was computed using multiple linear regression and nonlinear least squares optimization.Paired t-tests analyzed predictive efficacy before and after kurtosis adjustment to evaluate its impact on ISO 1999 NIPTS346 predictions.Chow tests compared the similarity of logistic regression curves for high-frequency noise-induced hearing loss(HFNIHL)incidence between non-steady noise(L'EX,8h)and steady noise(LEX,8h),thereby validating the effectiveness of L'EX,8h. [Results]The quantile regression analysis showed that kurtosis was a significant indicator of occupational hearing loss risk from non-steady noise(contribution rate was 27.5％,P＜0.05).The linear regression and nonlinear least squares methods obtained six different combinations of coefficients(λ)and adjustment terms[lg(βN/βG)].Incorporating these L'EX,8h adjustments into the ISO 1999 predictive model significantly reduced NIPTS underestimation(from 14.2 dB HL with LEX,8h to 11-5-5.6 dB HL with L'EX,8h,P＜0.001).The model L'EX,8h,6=LEX,8h+7.9lg(βN/10)achieved the most significant improvement,reducing underestimation by 8.7 dB HL.The logistic curve analysis further demonstrated that all L'EX,8h dose-response relationships for non-steady noise aligned more closely with the steady noise group than LEX,8 h,with L'EX,8 h,6 showing the smallest divergence(difference:4.1％). [Conclusions]L'EX,8h demonstrates superior efficacy in assessing the risk of occupational hearing loss induced by non-steady noise expo-sure.The L'EX,8h metric,constructed by calculating adjustment terms and coefficients through nonlinear regression analysis,exhibits greater effectiveness than linear regression methods in evaluating occupational hearing loss associated with non-steady noise exposure.关键词
职业性听力损失/峰度/非稳态噪声/非线性回归/峰度调整等效声级Key words
occupational hearing loss/kurtosis/non-steady noise/nonlinear regression/kurtosis-adjusted equivalent sound level分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
李金哲,曾安可,辛佳芮,李扬,武林杰,刘海英,叶研,张美辨..基于非线性回归的峰度调整等效声级方法的调整项及调整系数[J].环境与职业医学,2025,42(7):786-792,7.基金项目
"十四五"国家重点研发项目(2022YFC2503200,2022YFC2503203) （2022YFC2503200,2022YFC2503203）
美国国立卫生研究院(NIH)资助项目(1R01DC015990-01) （NIH）
