水土保持通报2025，Vol.45Issue(4)：71-81,11.DOI:10.13961/j.cnki.stbctb.2025.04.004
放牧强度对干旱区白墩子盐沼湿地土壤与植被的影响
Effects of grazing intensity on soil and vegetation at Baidunzi salt marsh wetland in arid area
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Effects of grazing intensity on soil quality and plant diversity in saline marsh wetlands in arid northwest China were investigated to provide a reference for rational grazing and ecological restoration of arid desert wetlands.[Methods]Taking Baidunzi saline marsh wetland in Jingtai County,Gansu Province,China,as the study area,fenced exclusion,light grazing,and heavy grazing zones were established.Plant diversity and biomass were surveyed using the quadrat method,and soil samples were collected from different soil layers to determine aggregate composition,compaction,nutrient content,and physical properties.Principal component analysis(PCA)was used to construct a soil quality index(SQI)to assess the impact of grazing intensity on soil quality,and the structural equation modeling(SEM)was used to analyze the key influencing factors.[Results]① Fenced exclusion increased plant biomass.β-diversity indices showed significant differences in species composition among different grazing intensities.The proportions of soil water-stable aggregates with particle size>0.25 mm,average mass diameter and geometric mean diameter of surface soil water-stable aggregates in the different grazing treatments were in the following order:no grazing>light grazing>heavy grazing.Soil fertility potential,soil fertility intensity and comprehensive soil quality in the no grazing zone were significantly higher than those in the heavy grazing zone,and there was no significant difference with those in the light grazing zone.SEM results revealed that soil dry sieve geometric mean diameter,soil nutrients(especially nitrogen and potassium),and capillary water-holding capacity were the main factors affecting soil quality.[Conclusion]Fenced exclusion improved vegetation growth and soil quality significantly.Moderate grazing(light grazing)positively feedbacks to the ecosystem by promoting aggregate stability and nutrient input,whereas heavy grazing leads to soil structure degradation and nutrient loss.A'fencing+moderate grazing'management mode is recommended for prioritizing protection of surface soil physical structure and available nutrients to achieve sustainable restoration of saline marsh wetlands in arid regions.关键词
干旱荒漠区/盐沼湿地/生物量/土壤理化性质/土壤质量指数Key words
arid desert region/salt marsh wetlands/biomass/soil physical and chemical properties/soil quality index分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王润龙,周晓雷,郭思淼,樊玉科,刘锐,张亚强,张晓玮..放牧强度对干旱区白墩子盐沼湿地土壤与植被的影响[J].水土保持通报,2025,45(4):71-81,11.基金项目
国家财政专项资金"甘肃景泰白墩子盐沼国家湿地公园生态监测项目"(03723169) （03723169）
