草业学报2025，Vol.34Issue(9)：12-25,14.DOI:10.11686/cyxb2024421
武功山山地草甸植物群落特征和生态位
Plant community characteristics and niches in mountain meadows of Wugong Mountain
摘要
Abstract
The meadows of Wugong Mountain represent a rare typical natural grassland in southeast China,and constitute a significant part of the diversity of mountain ecosystem types in this area.However,our understanding of the overall composition and structure of the plant community in meadows on Wugong Mountain remains limited.Therefore,for appropriate conservation and management,it is important to explore the diversity,niches,and structural quality of the plant community in meadows on Wugong Mountain.Three transects(E1:1380-1580 m,E2:1580-1780 m,E3:1780-1918 m)were established along an elevational gradient across the whole range of meadows from the forest-grass ecotone to the top of the mountain.Ten survey plots were established along each transect,and aspects of the community and terrain were recorded(species composition,height,and coverage,as well as the altitude,longitude,latitude,slope,and aspect of each plot).The changes in diversity(α,β),species'niches,and interspecific competition in the meadow plant community along the elevational gradient were evaluated.The results showed that the meadow community structure varied gradually with the increase in elevation.The α diversity increased significantly with increasing elevation,whereas the community variability(β diversity)decreased significantly.The meadow plant community on shady slopes showed higher species richness.Analysis of interspecific competition in the meadow community revealed the wide niche and large overlap coefficient of the high-quality grasses Miscanthus sinensis and Arundinella hirta.These two species showed an absolute advantage and were the most representative dominant species across the meadows.The meadow community environment also provided a refuge for the survival of three orchid species(Ponerorchis gracilis,Platanthera minor,and Platanthera ussuriensis),while invasive plants such as Erigeron canadensis and Bidens pilosa were also relatively common.The results of this study show that the overall quality and structure of the plant community in meadows on Wugong Mountain are excellent,as well as,the meadow community is at risk of degradation.We recommend that comprehensive protection and management of these mountain meadows should be strengthened,especially in the section from 1800 m to the highest peak,Jinding.This area should be the key focus for meadow protection because it has the largest aboveground biomass of the meadow plant community,the richest species diversity,and the most stable community.关键词
武功山/山地草甸/多样性/种间竞争/生态位Key words
Wugong Mountain/mountain meadow/diversity/interspecific competition/niche引用本文复制引用
向泽宇,唐忠炳,彭昕桁,杨晓龙,杨创明,邱相东,陈春发,彭焱松,周赛霞..武功山山地草甸植物群落特征和生态位[J].草业学报,2025,34(9):12-25,14.基金项目
2021年、2022年中央财政林业改革发展资金重点野生动植物保护项目和江西省教育厅科学技术研究青年项目(No.190781)资助. （No.190781）
