电焊机2025，Vol.55Issue(9)：59-68,10.DOI:10.7512/j.issn.1001-2303.2025.09.05
GTAW焊接坡口间隙对电弧攀升影响机制数值模拟与实验研究
Numerical Simulation and Experimental Study on the Influence of Gap Width in GTAW Welding on Arc Climbing Mechanism
摘要
Abstract
Based on computational fluid dynamics,a steady-state three-dimensional numerical model was established for the tungsten inert gas arc welding(GTAW)process in ultra-narrow gaps(<8 mm)to investigate the characteristics of the arc un-der different groove widths.Through calculations,the temperature field,velocity field,and pressure field of the GTAW weld-ing arc were obtained for different groove widths,revealing the relationship between the groove width and the temperature of the plasma,the pressure distribution on the groove surface,and the current density distribution on the groove surface.By comparing and analyzing the calculation results for different groove widths,it was found that when the tungsten electrode di-ameter is 1.6 mm and the groove width is less than 7 mm,the arc mainly conducts through the sidewalls,and its primary thermal action is also concentrated on the sidewalls.However,when the groove width is 7 mm,the arc begins to conduct with the groove bottom,and due to the arc compression effect,a localized high-temperature and high-current density area ap-pears at the groove bottom.Through simulation,it was found that for this specific joint,the critical groove gap to prevent arc climbing is 7 mm.Furthermore,when the groove gap is 8 mm,the arc is fully concentrated on the groove bottom,forming a vortex at the weld root,which is beneficial for the fusion of the weld root.In the experiment,a high-speed camera system was used to record the arc morphology under different groove widths,and it was found to match the simulation results well.关键词
超窄间隙焊接/电弧攀升/坡口宽度/数值模拟Key words
ultra-narrow gap welding/arc climbing/bevel gap/numerical simulation分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
李越超,王磊,乔及森..GTAW焊接坡口间隙对电弧攀升影响机制数值模拟与实验研究[J].电焊机,2025,55(9):59-68,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(52063017,51665033) （52063017,51665033）
