血液系统恶性肿瘤老年患者化疗期间营养不良情况及重度营养不良的影响因素OA

Objective To evaluate the nutritional status of elderly patients with hematological malignancies during chemo-therapy and compare the risk factors of severe malnutrition.Methods The relevant clinical data of 260 elderly patients with hemato-logical malignancy undergoing chemotherapy from September 2022 to April 2024 was selected.The patient-generated subjective global assessment,method was used to evaluate the patients'nutritional status,and based on the results,the patients were categorized into two groups:those with suspected or moderate malnutrition,and those with severe malnutrition.To compare the differences of pertinent factors between groups,analysis of variance,t test,or rank sum test were employed.Logistic regression was utilized to examine the as-sociated risk factors for severe malnutrition.Results There were 152 cases(59.62%)in the suspected or moderate malnutrition group,and 108 cases(40.38%)in the severe malnutrition group.There were statistically significant differences in gender,age,body mass index,disease type,anxiety status and history of chronic diseases between the two groups(P<0.05).The levels of albu-min and hemoglobin in the severe malnutrition group were lower than those in the suspected or moderate malnutrition group(P<0.05).The proportion of people with a high degree of bone marrow suppression in the severe malnutrition group was higher(P<0.05).The proportions of nausea,vomiting,diarrhea,constipation,abdominal distension and oral mucositis in the severe malnutri-tion group were higher than those in the suspected or moderate malnutrition group(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in appetite loss between the two groups(P>0.05).A logistic multivariate analysis revealed that among patients with hema-tologic malignancies,female,age greater than or equal to 70 years old,and female,nausea and vomiting,diarrhea,constipation,ventosity,oral mucositis were risk factors for severe malnutrition during chemotherapyin elderly patients with hematological malignan-cies(P<0.05),and elderly patients with lymphocytic malignancies have a lower risk of severe malnutrition than myeloid mglignancies patients(P<0.05).Conclusion The incidence of severe malnutrition in elderly patients with hematologic malignancies during chemotherapy is high,and gender,age,anxiety,nausea and vomiting,diarrhea,constipation,ventosity,oral mucositis all have var-ying degrees of influence on them.Relevant measures are actively taken to improve the nutritional status of patients and provide appro-priate nutrition education and nutrition support for patients and their families,to reduce the incidence of severe malnutrition.