中国妇幼健康研究2025，Vol.36Issue(9)：8-15,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-5293.2025.09.002
过敏性疾病患儿血清特异性过敏原分析
Analysis of serum specific allergens in children with allergic diseases
摘要
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of allergic diseases in children,providing a scientific basis for developing effective prevention and treatment strategies by exploring the specific distribution of allergens in children.Methods A total of 1 486 children aged 0-16 years old diagnosed with allergic diseases at Shanghai Children's Medical Center,affiliated with Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from July 20,2019 to May 30,2023 were selected as the research subjects.The Phadia allergen detection system was used to detect the specific IgE level in the serum of the children by fluorescence immunoassay,covering 20 monovalent allergens and 9 mixed allergen detection items.The specific allergens of children of different genders,ages and seasons were analyzed and compared.Results A total of 494 children(33.24％)were positive for total IgE,and the proportion of males was higher than that of females,with a statistically significant difference(x2=10.925,P＜0.05),and the proportion of total IgE positivity gradually increased with age,and the difference was statistically significant(x2=104.211,P＜0.05).Among the specific allergen detections,the food combination fx5(chicken protein,milk,cod,wheat,peanut and soybean)had the highest IgE positivity rate(46.74％),followed by inhaled allergens(45.06％).Compared with females,male children had higher positive rates of inhaled allergens,house dust combinations.dust mites,mold mixtures and Aspergillus fumigatus(x2 values ranged from 3.905-8.012,P＜0.05).For example,the positive rate of IgE for dust mites is less than 30％in children aged 1 year and 1-3 years old,but as high as more than 50％in children over＜3 years old(x2=273.742,P＜0.05).On the contrary,for most dietary allergens,the IgE positivity rate decreases with age,such as the IgE positivity rate of milk is about 50％in children under 3 years of age,but decreases to 20％-30％in children over 3 years of age(x2=107.097,P＜0.05).From the seasonal perspective,the positive rate of most pollen and weed allergens peaked in July-September,and then gradually decreased until May of the following year.For example,the positive rate of specific allergens of food combination fx5(68.48％)was higher than that of respiratory diseases(42.46％)and other diseases(44.72％),and the difference was statistically significant(x2=36.104,P＜0.05).Conclusion Among children's allergic diseases,the positive rate of IgE in male children is higher than that in women,food allergens mainly affect children aged 0-1 year,and inhalation allergens have a more significant impact on children over 3 years old,and the incidence is high in spring and autumn.There are differences in the sensitivity of different disease types to allergens,which provides a basis for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases.关键词
儿童/过敏原/特异性IgE/过敏性疾病/特应性皮炎Key words
children/allergens/specific IgE/allergic diseases/atopic dermatitis分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
金玲,万朋杰,程颖..过敏性疾病患儿血清特异性过敏原分析[J].中国妇幼健康研究,2025,36(9):8-15,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金委青年科学基金(82203910) （82203910）
上海申康临床研究计划(SHDC22022302) （SHDC22022302）
