贵州农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(9)：11-19,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2025.09.002
丸粒化种子直播栽培对辣椒果实农艺性状与品质的影响
Effects of Direct Sowing Cultivation of Pelleted Seeds on Agronomic Traits and Quality of Capsicum Fruits
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The effects of direct sowing cultivation of pelleted seeds on agronomic traits and quality of Capsicum fruits were investigated to provide a theoretical basis for application of the cultivation pattern in Capsicum production in Guizhou.[Method]Taking Jinla No.7 as the study object,the field cultivation test of three treatments including the pelleted seeds with early direct sowing(LZB1),the pelleted seeds with late direct sowing(LZB2)and the conventional float breeding transplanting(CK)was designed.The agronomic traits(fruit stalk length,fruit length,etc.)of Capsicum fruits with the same maturity degree collected at full bearing stage were determined.Vc,content of crude protein and other qualities of Capsicum fruits were detected through high-performance liquid chromatography and Kjeldahl method.The aroma substances in Capsicum fruits were detected by GC-MS/MS to analyze differences in agronomic traits,quality and volatile substances of Capsicum fruits between the direct sowing cultivation of pelleted seeds and the conventional cultivation of green pepper and red pepper seedlings.[Result]The pelleted seeds with direct sowing cultivation could improve fruit length,fruit width and flesh thickness of Capsicum fruits.The fruit length of red peppers under LZB1 treatment and green peppers under LZB2 treatment was 147.19 mm and 144.62 mm,respectively.The stalk length of green fruits under LZB1 treatment and red fruits under LZB2 treatment was respectively 34.26 mm and 51.53 mm.The flesh thickness of green and red fruits of LZB1 treatment was both the thickest with 1.84 mm and 2.15 mm,respectively.The weight of single green fruit treated with LZB2 and single red fruit treated LZB1 was individually 9.88 g and 9.20 g.The fruit length,fruit width,flesh thickness and single fruit weight of red peppers under LZB1 treatment increased by 25.4 mm,1.08 mm,0.36 mm and 0.55 g compared with CK,while those of green peppers under LZB2 treatment increased by 10.07 mm,0.64 mm,0.38 mm and 1.90 g compared with CK.The pelleted seeds under direct sowing cultivation could improve quality of Capsicum fruits.The Vc content of green fruits treated with LZB2 was 124.14 mg/100g.The crude protein content of green and red fruits treated LZB1 was 2.45 g/100g and 3.22 g/100g,respectively.Followed by the LZB2 treatment with 2.13 g/100g and 2.91 g/100g.The crude fat content of green peppers under LZB2 treatment was the highest with 1.20 g/100g.The soluble sugar content of red fruits under LZB2 treatment was the highest with 5.51 g/100g.Total amino acid content of red fruits treated with LZB1 was 2.54 g/100g(the highest),while that of green fruits treated LZB1 and LZB2 was 1.32 g/100g and 1.35 g/100 g,respectively.The dihydrocapsaicin content of green fruits under LZB1 and LZB2 treatment were both 0.027 mg/g,among which the dihydrocapsaicin content of red fruits treated with LZB1 was the highest with 0.024 mg/g.The Vc,crude protein,crude fat,dihydrocapsaicin and total amino acid content of green fruits treated with LZB1 and LZB2 increased by 15.69-33.87 mg/100g,0.14-0.46 g/100g,0.16-0.32 g/100g,0.003 mg/g and 0.34-0.37 g/100g compared with CK respectively.Compared with CK,the crude protein,dihydrocapsaicin and total amino acid of red pepper under LZB1 and LZB2 treatment increased by 0.21-0.52 g/100g,0.006 mg/g and 0.29-0.90 g/100g,respectively.The pelleted seeds with direct sowing cultivation effectively improved amount and proportion of volatile aroma substances of Capsicum fruits.The amount of volatile aroma substances in red fruits treated with LZB2 reached 45(the most)and were 5 more than CK.The proportion of ester substances in green and red fruits under LZB1 and LZB2 treatment was 15.63%and 23.18%,9.33%and 22.79%respectively,which were higher than green(14.56%)and red fruits(6.67%)of CK.The pentadecanal content in red fruits of LZB2 treatment was 8.16 percentage points higher than CK.The α-cedarene content in green fruits of LZB1 treatment was 2.23 percentage points higher than CK.[Conclusion]The pelleted seeds under direct sowing cultivation can effectively improve agronomic traits,quality and aroma of Capsicum fruits and has the good application prospect in mountainous areas of Guizhou.关键词
辣椒/金辣7号/丸粒化种子/直播栽培/农艺性状/品质Key words
Capsicum/Jinla No.7/pelleted seeds/direct sowing cultivation/agronomic traits/quality分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
袁圆,吴康云,何建文,牟玉梅,盖霞普,黄云霄,张明,廖朝选..丸粒化种子直播栽培对辣椒果实农艺性状与品质的影响[J].贵州农业科学,2025,53(9):11-19,9.基金项目
贵州省科技成果转化项目(黔科合成果[2024]一般085) （黔科合成果[2024]一般085）
贵州省辣椒产业技术体系(GZSLJCYJSTX) （GZSLJCYJSTX）
