贵州农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(9)：43-49,7.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2025.09.006
薏苡干物质和氮素养分积累与转运特征
Characteristics of Accumulation and Transport of Dry Matter and Nitrogen in Coix lacryma-j obi
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aimed to investigate the accumulation and transport characteristics of dry matter and nitrogen nutrients in Coix lacryma-jobi treated with nitrogen or non nitrogen under traditional fertilization at different growth stages,and to identify the critical periods for nutrient uptake in Coix plants,thereby providing a scientific basis for field topdressing management in Coix cultivation.[Method]Two early-maturing dwarf Coix cultivars,Yizhu No.5 and Jifu 19-41,were used as experimental materials,and two treatments,non-nitrogen(N0)and applying 20 kg/667m2 nitrogen(N20),were set,so that the dry matter weights of stem sheath,leaves,and grains,along with nitrogen nutrient contents in different organs were measured at both heading and maturity stages.Then the accumulation and transport characteristics were analyzed.[Result]The grain yield of Yizhu 5 and Jifu 19-41 under N20 treatment was respectively 34.27%and 24.77%higher than that under N0 treatment with significant differences.The above-ground dry matter accumulation of Yizhu 5 and Jifu 19-41 at maturity stage increased by 44.20%and 22.28%under N20 treatment compared with N0 treatment,respectively,and increased by 109.71%and 36.11%,under N20 treatment compared with N0 treatment after heading,with significant differences.The above-ground dry matter weight of the 2 varieties after heading accounted for 43.53%-63.30%of the total dry matter weight at maturity stage,and the dry matter accumulation rate of the grains after heading was 88.16%-91.34%.The nitrogen accumulation of above-ground after heading accounted for 36.52%-49.68%of the total nitrogen accumulation at maturity stage,and the nitrogen accumulation rate after heading was 87.83%-89.94%.From heading stage to maturity stage,the stem sheath and leaves of Yizhu 5 and Jifu 19-41 under N20 treatment and N0 treatment had almost no dry matter transfer,and the nitrogen transfer of the stem sheath,leaves,stem sheath+leaves of the 2 varieties were 0.004-0.085 g/plant,0.011-0.034 g/plant,and 0.016-0.054 g/plant,respectively.The transport rates were 2.19%-27.83%,and the contribution rates of grain were 1.28%-22.91%respectively.[Conclusion]Applying nitrogen could significantly increase dry matter accumulation and grain yield of Coix at maturity stage.There was little or no dry matter accumulation and nutrient transfer to grain.The dry matter accumulation and nitrogen absorption were mainly after heading,and grain yield was mainly determined by nutrient absorption and dry matter accumulation after heading.Adding nutrient management at heading stage on the basis of traditional fertilization may be more beneficial to the improvement of grain yield.关键词
薏苡/薏珠5号/冀辐19-41/干物质/氮素/积累/转运/贡献率Key words
Coix/Yizhu 5/Jifu 19-41/dry matter/nitrogen/accumulation/transport/contribution rate分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
陆秀娟,李祥栋,魏心元,曾涛,潘虹,石明..薏苡干物质和氮素养分积累与转运特征[J].贵州农业科学,2025,53(9):43-49,7.基金项目
2024年省级财政种业发展项目"薏苡优异种质创制及新品种(系)选育"(黔财农[2024]14号) （系）
贵州省科技计划项目"黔西南试验区薏苡产业关键技术创新服务平台建设"(黔科合中引地[2024]006) （黔科合中引地[2024]006）
