贵州农业科学2025，Vol.53Issue(9)：50-58,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3601.2025.09.007
内蒙古主要农作物秸秆养分资源量及其替代化肥潜力
Nutrient Resource Quantity of Straw from Main Crops in Inner Mongolia and Potential of Replacing Chemical Fertilizer
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The nutrient resources quantity of straw from main crops in different regions of Inner Mongolia and the potential to replace chemical fertilizers were studied to provide a reference for the rational utilization of crop straw and the reduction of fertilizer application.[Method]Based on the statistical data from 2019 to 2021 and literature sources,the straw yield and nutrient resources of major crops(maize,wheat,soybean,sunflower)in various leagues and cities of Inner Mongolia were estimated using the grass-to-cereal ratio method.The fertilizer substitution potential after full straw return for different crops per unit of sown area was also calculated.[Result]From 2019 to 2021,the average annual total yield of crop straw in Inner Mongolia was 47.0072 million tons,among which the amounts of straw from maize,wheat,soybean and sunflower were 38.0667 million,1.9407 million,3.1465 million and 3.8533 million tons respectively.The average annual nutrients[nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P2O5),potassium(K2O)]in the straw were 0.4514 million,0.1599 million,0.6952 million tons respectively.Specifically,the straw nutrients of maize were mainly distributed in Tongliao City(28.62%),Hinggan League(17.73%),and Chifeng City(15.68%),respectively.The straw nutrients of wheat were primarily distributed in Hulun Buir City(49.02%)and Bayannur City(18.38%).The straw nutrients of soybean were largely distributed in Hulun Buir City(79.37%),while the straw nutrients of sunflower were mostly in Bayannur City(59.94%).In terms of the total straw returned to the fields,the potential of chemical fertilizers substituted by straw from maize was N 25.81-55.66 kg/hm2,P2O5 13.12-28.21 kg/hm2,and K2O 62.53-135.34 kg/hm2.For wheat straw were N 7.45-25.96 kg/hm2,P2O5 2.63-10.71 kg/hm2,and K2O 25.88-76.90 kg/hm2.For soybean straw,values were N 7.97-31.81 kg/hm2,P2O5 3.96-11.08 kg/hm2,and K2O 12.91-36.48 kg/hm2.Lastly,for sunflower straw were P2O5 3.86-13.19 kg/hm2 and K2O 38.79-134.93 kg/hm2.There were significant differences in the fertilizer substitution potential in the current season after full straw return in different regions.The fertilizer substitution potential for maize,wheat,and sunflower straw return per unit of sown area in Alagxa League was the greatest,while that for soybean straw return per unit of sown area in Bayannur City was the greatest.[Conclusion]In Inner Mongolia,the nutrient resources of crop straw are abundant,with significant potential for fertilizer substitution.The fertilizer substitution potential of straw from different crops after returning in season are significant different in different regions.It is suggested to increase the return and utilization of straw resources according to different situations of regions,so that to improve the utilization efficiency of straw nutrient resource,reduce fertilizer application,and promote the green and efficient development of agriculture.关键词
农作物秸秆/养分资源/秸秆还田/化肥替代潜力/内蒙古Key words
crop straw/nutrient resource/straw returning/fertilizer substitution potential/Inner Mongolia分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
红霞..内蒙古主要农作物秸秆养分资源量及其替代化肥潜力[J].贵州农业科学,2025,53(9):50-58,9.基金项目
内蒙古自治区自然科学基金项目(2023QN07015,2022LHQN07003) （2023QN07015,2022LHQN07003）
