黑龙江农业科学Issue(9)：8-19,12.DOI:10.11942/j.issn1002-2767.2025.09.0008
向日葵-大豆不同间作模式和灌溉量对作物生长及产量和效益的影响
Effects of Sunflower-Soybean Intercropping and Irrigation on Crop Growth,Yield and Benefit
摘要
Abstract
In order to promote the promotion and application of the sunflower-soybean intercropping pattern,we carried out a two-factor randomized block trial with three intercropping models(4+4 treatment:4 rows of sunflower+4 rows of soybeans,4+2 treatment:4 rows of sunflower+2 rows of soybeans,2+4 treatment:2 rows of sunflower+4 rows of soybeans)and three irrigation levels(H:high water volume,M:medium water volume,L:low water volume)to study the effects of different intercropping patterns and irrigation amounts on crop growth,dry matter accumulation,yield and benefit.The results showed that intercropping and irrigation have significant effects on the yield and income of sunflowers and soybeans,while the interaction between intercropping and irrigation has no significant effect on the yield and income of sunflowers and soybeans.Under the same intercropping mode,the diameter of sunflower trays,the number of effective pods of soybeans,the accumulation of dry matter and the yield all showed the order of high water volume(H)＞medium water volume(M)＞low water volume(L).Increasing the irrigation water volume was beneficial to the growth of crops and the accumulation of flowers and pods in the key harvest parts.Under the same irrigation water volume,the dry matter accumulation and yield of sunflower under the 4+4 and 4+2 treatments were higher than those under the 2+4 treatment.The dry matter accumulation and yield of soybean under the 4+4 and 2+4 treatments were higher than those under the 4+2 treatment.Sunflower played a major role in the yield contribution.The sunflower shading significant inhibited the growth of soybean and the accumulation of pods.From the perspective of different irrigation amounts,high water had more advantages in intercropping.From the perspective of different intercropping modes,the 4+4 intercropping mode had more advantages in intercropping.In addition,intercropping will lead to a reduction in soybean production and an increase in sunflower production.The main contribution to the productivity of the intercropping system comes from sunflowers.The net income of the intercropping system was shown as follows:treatment 4+4＞4+2＞2+4,high water volume(H)＞medium water volume(M)＞low water volume(L).To sum up,the 4+4 intercropping model is the optimal configuration model for sunflower-soybean intercropping.The irrigation quota of 900 m3·ha-1 for sunflowers and 1 080 m3·ha-1 for soybeans are suitable irrigation systems for sunflower-soybean intercropping in sandy loam soil,which have the advantages of increasing production and improving economic benefits and can be appropriately promoted.关键词
向日葵-大豆间作/灌溉水平/生长指标/产量/经济效益Key words
sunflower-soybean intercropping/irrigation level/growth index/yield/economic benefit引用本文复制引用
李亚平,王瑞萍,牛敬,夏玉红,王富,王培蓉..向日葵-大豆不同间作模式和灌溉量对作物生长及产量和效益的影响[J].黑龙江农业科学,2025,(9):8-19,12.基金项目
内蒙古自治区水利发展资金项目(NSK202202) （NSK202202）
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC3201205). （2021YFC3201205）
