净水技术2025，Vol.44Issue(9)：10-20,11.DOI:10.15890/j.cnki.jsjs.2025.09.002
实时荧光定量PCR在水源性致病微生物检测中的应用
Application of Real-Time Quantitative PCR in Determination of Water-Borne Pathogenic Microorganisms
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Water is essential for sustaining life processes,and its quality directly impacts ecological balance and human health.Contamination of water sources by pathogenic microorganisms poses a significant threat to global public health,making rapid and accurate detection of these microorganisms critical for ensuring water safety.[Methods]This paper reviews the application of quantitative PCR(qPCR)in detecting waterborne pathogenic microorganisms,integrating critical case studies and experimental data.It discusses the technical advantages,current challenges,and future directions of qPCR,providing theoretical support for water quality safety monitoring.[Results]qPCR significantly enhances the sensitivity and speed of waterborne pathogen detection through dynamic fluorescence signal monitoring and cycle threshold(Ct)value quantification.For bacterial determination,qPCR enables rapid quantification by targeting species-specific genes.For viruses and protozoa,it shortens detection cycles while improving throughput.The method is applicable to diverse water matrices,including drinking water,wastewater,and recreational water.However,it faces challenges such as differentiating viable from dead bacteria,mitigating inhibitor interference,and optimizing primer design.[Conclusion]qPCR has emerged as a core tool for water quality safety monitoring due to its high sensitivity,rapidity,and broad adaptability.Emerging technologies further enhance precision and efficiency.Digital PCR(dPCR)achieves absolute quantification without standard curves,while multiplex qPCR(mqPCR)reduces costs through multi-target analysis.Future efforts should focus on promoting the integration of complementary technologies,developing automated detection platforms,and establishing international standardized protocols to address large-scale monitoring demands in complex aquatic environments,thereby advancing global water safety with more efficient technological solutions.关键词
qPCR/致病微生物/水体/检测/应用Key words
qPCR/pathogenic microorganism/water body/determination/application分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
张星宇,周婉婷,邢方潇,张岚..实时荧光定量PCR在水源性致病微生物检测中的应用[J].净水技术,2025,44(9):10-20,11.基金项目
国家重点研发计划:长江黄河流域致病菌分布特征与优控清单(2022YFC3204702) （2022YFC3204702）
