南水北调与水利科技（中英文）2025，Vol.23Issue(4)：753-760,8.DOI:10.13476/j.cnki.nsbdqk.2025.0076
我国水利水电工程科学研究进展与前沿领域
Frontiers and prospects of water conservancy and hydropower science
摘要
Abstract
Hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering science is an interdisciplinary field that combines natural science,engineering technology,and social science.It primarily focuses on the development,utilization,and management of water resources,as well as the conversion and use of hydropower energy.Its main goal is to achieve efficient water resource use,flood control and disaster reduction,clean energy production,ecological protection,and sustainable development through engineering methods.In the new era,influenced by climate change and human activities,China faces a complex array of both old and new water-related issues,including water disasters,water resource management,water ecology,and water environmental protection.Water security risks are increasing,and the capacity to ensure water security is insufficient.The growing complexity of water security issues demands a higher level of skilled professionals in hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering.This article provides an overview of China's hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering history and achievements,discusses the discipline's frontiers from the perspectives of water,climate,environment,ecology,and society,and,based on current needs like the"dual carbon strategy"and"smart water conservancy,"highlights urgent scientific and technological challenges that need to be addressed to guide and accelerate the development of hydraulic and hydroelectric science. Facing new challenges from climate change and rising demands for national water security,efforts should focus on increasing the accuracy of extreme event forecasting,optimizing the layout of water conservancy projects,and improving water resource reserve systems to enhance the resilience of water systems against climate change.In terms of water and the environment,it is necessary to leverage intelligent technologies,combine policy innovation with ecological restoration,and shift from"treating symptoms"to"treating the root cause"in water environment management.Regarding water and ecology,balancing the conflict between economic development and ecological protection is essential.Innovating joint dispatching technologies for water quantity,quality,and ecology in rivers and lakes is also crucial to promote sustainable and healthy water ecosystem development.Regarding water and society,it is essential to learn from international best practices,develop more comprehensive water resource management systems,and address water shortages to achieve the dual goals of efficient resource use and sustainable social and economic development. Under the framework of the"dual carbon strategy,"hydropower,as a highly flexible renewable energy source,is a key tool for future global energy transformation.Enhancing hydropower's ability to adapt to climate change,balancing demand with ecological protection,and addressing technical challenges in related industries are essential for advancing hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering under the dual carbon strategy.To effectively implement smart water conservancy and hydropower projects,it is necessary to utilize advanced technologies like digital twins and artificial intelligence,expand monitoring capabilities,improve system design,and fully integrate modern construction requirements.These actions will create a"dual-wheel drive"of technology and systems,offering scientific and intelligent support throughout the entire lifecycle of hydraulic and hydroelectric projects engineering.关键词
水利水电工程/水安全/发展历程/科学前沿/问题展望Key words
hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering/development process/water security/scientific frontier/problem outlook分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
夏军,王庆明..我国水利水电工程科学研究进展与前沿领域[J].南水北调与水利科技（中英文）,2025,23(4):753-760,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金重大项目(52394231) （52394231）
