南水北调与水利科技（中英文）2025，Vol.23Issue(4)：761-769,904,10.DOI:10.13476/j.cnki.nsbdqk.2025.0077
水系统控制论:提出背景、技术框架与研究范式
Cybernetics of hydro systems:Background,framework and research paradigm
摘要
Abstract
Under increasing pressures from global climate change,water scarcity,and rapid urbanization,traditional water management approaches have proven inadequate in meeting the growing complexities of flood-drought mitigation,water resource allocation,and ecological conservation.The shift toward smart water governance,characterized by data-driven decision-making and algorithmic support,has become essential for modernizing water resource systems through the integration of IoT,artificial intelligence,and cloud computing.Despite notable progress in building hydraulic infrastructure,operational management inefficiencies still remain,especially in real-time control,multi-objective coordination,and resilience to extreme disturbances.The imbalance between infrastructure investment and management costs worsens these issues,highlighting the need for a shift from construction-focused approaches to integrated"construction-management"strategies. The modern water system is a complex,large-scale hybrid system with numerous and diverse objects,making its operation,management,and dispatching extremely challenging.Current centralized control strategies face problems like high risk of single points of failure,limited scalability and flexibility,significant data security concerns,and inadequate refined management.New theories and technologies are urgently needed to boost efficiency and scientific rigor in water resources management.This paper systematically reviews the objects,goals,key issues,and methodological frameworks for control research on typical water systems,such as basin water systems,cascade hydropower stations,water diversion projects,irrigation canal systems,and urban water supply and drainage systems.Building on traditional water system planning research,concepts from cybernetics and information theory are introduced,leading to the proposal of hydro system cybernetics(CHS).Its technical framework and fundamental principles are explained,and a unified research paradigm for controlling water systems is established for the first time.Complex and diverse water system objects are classified into two main categories:controlled units and control units.Based on modeling approaches,they are further divided into flow generation units,transmission units,and control units.Four key technical systems are developed:precise modeling,model order reduction,synchronous twin,and real-time control. The introduction of water system cybernetics provides a new theoretical framework and methodological guidance for addressing current management challenges.Future research should focus on applying emerging technologies,such as artificial intelligence,reinforcement learning,and embodied intelligence,to enhance predictive capabilities,adaptive optimization,and real-time control accuracy.Additionally,exploring large-scale distributed computing architectures is crucial for supporting collaborative optimization of ultra-large water systems,enhancing monitoring and control precision,and establishing a strong technical foundation for advanced innovative water management.关键词
水系统控制论/精细化管理/技术框架/研究范式/智慧水利Key words
cybernetics of hydro systems/refined management/technical framework/research paradigm/smart water governance分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
雷晓辉,龙岩,许慧敏,苏承国..水系统控制论:提出背景、技术框架与研究范式[J].南水北调与水利科技（中英文）,2025,23(4):761-769,904,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC3209400 （）
2022YFC3204600) （）
