西部人居环境学刊2025，Vol.40Issue(4)：115-121,7.DOI:10.13791/j.cnki.hsfwest.20240116005
基于路径规划数据与RF-SHAP算法的湘西州乡村教育设施可达性及其影响因素研究
A Study on the accessibility of rural educational facilities and its influencing factors in Xiangxi State based on Direction API and RF-SHAP algorithm
摘要
Abstract
In the context of China's new urbanization,the supply and demand situation of rural basic education,which is an important part of urban and rural basic public services,is constantly changing,and there is a structural imbalance between supply and demand of some rural educational facilities.Measuring and evaluating the accessibility of educational facilities in rural areas can accurately grasp the level of supply and demand of rural education,which is of great significance in promoting the equalization of basic public services in urban and rural areas.Taking Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture as an example,it measured the accessibility level of educational facilities in rural areas based on Amap Direction API,analyzed the overall spatial pattern and spatial agglomeration characteristics of the accessibility level of educational facilities in rural areas by using Kriging interpolation and spatial autocorrelation,and explored the influencing factors and nonlinear relationships of facility accessibility by using random forest model and SHAP method.The results of the study provide data support for practical work such as special planning of public service facilities in national territory space,which can effectively promote the development of urban and rural education equivalence.Firstly,based on the direction API data,a system operation scheme for obtaining the shortest path time is constructed by drawing on the relevant scripting language writing method,so as to extract and analyze the accessibility level of rural educational facilities in Xiangxi.According to the accessibility time specified in the layout standards of educational facilities,the accessibility level of each type of facility is divided into levels,and the overall distribution of the accessibility level of each type of facility is obtained,on the basis of which the Kriging interpolation method is used to analyze the overall characteristics of the spatial pattern of the accessibility level of the rural educational facilities.The results show that the overall level of accessibility of rural educational facilities in Xiangxi is poor,and its spatial pattern has obvious differentiation characteristics.Secondly,the spatial autocorrelation(including global Moran index and local Moran index)was used to analyze the spatial clustering characteristics of the accessibility level of rural educational facilities.The results show that there is significant clustering of similar areas with similar levels of accessibility of educational facilities in rural areas of Xiangxi.The areas with higher accessibility levels are mainly concentrated in the centers of Jishou City and Huayuan County,while the areas with lower accessibility levels are mainly concentrated in Guzhang and Yongshun Counties in the eastern part of Xiangxi Prefecture.In terms of the degree of agglomeration,kindergartens have the strongest degree of spatial agglomeration,followed by middle schools,and elementary school are the weakest.Finally,based on the existing studies and the characteristics of the study area,combined with the availability of data,multiple factors characterizing the level of economic and social development and the natural environment were selected,and the Random Forest Model and the SHAP algorithm were used to comprehensively detect the factors influencing the level of accessibility of rural educational facilities in western Xiangxi and their nonlinear relationships.The results show that the key factors influencing the accessibility of educational facilities in rural areas of Xiangxi mainly include population density,the proportion of construction land and average elevation,and that the level of urbanization and natural environment characteristics have nonlinear effects on the accessibility level,such as the threshold effect.In the future,it can further explore measures and paths to narrow the gap between urban and rural education levels and promote the equalization of urban and rural educational facilities on a county basis.关键词
路径规划/RF-SHAP算法/乡村教育设施/可达性/影响因素Key words
direction API/RF-SHAP algorithm/rural educational facilities/accessibility/influencing factors分类
建筑与水利引用本文复制引用
李光宇,丁国胜,何韶瑶,屈野,张梦淼..基于路径规划数据与RF-SHAP算法的湘西州乡村教育设施可达性及其影响因素研究[J].西部人居环境学刊,2025,40(4):115-121,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(51978250) （51978250）
湖南省自然科学基金项目(2025JJ80002) （2025JJ80002）
湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20240443) （CX20240443）
东南大学建筑设计研究院有限公司科研项目(TC-2025-02) （TC-2025-02）
