上海预防医学2025，Vol.37Issue(7)：597-605,9.DOI:10.19428/j.cnki.sjpm.2025.24894
上海两社区既往感染人群长新冠流行特征及其影响因素研究
Study on the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of long COVID among previously infected individuals in two communities in Shanghai
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of long COVID and to investigate its main influencing factors by examining individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 between March and June 2022 in two communities in Shanghai,to lay the foundation for further research on the mechanism and clinical treatment of long COVID,and to provide the basis for the development of inexpensive,convenient,and feasible prevention and intervention strategies.[Methods]A cross-sectional study was conducted,enrolling 6 410 individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2.Data were collected through a questionnaire survey.The incidence and common symptoms of long COVID were analyzed,along with their associations with demographic characteristics,medical history,and behavioral factors.A logistic regression model was used to identify the major factors associated with the development of long COVID symptoms.[Results]The overall incidence rate of long COVID among the study population was 13.9%.The most commonly reported symptoms included fatigue(65.1%),attention disorders(23.1%),and cough(16.9%).The analysis showed that having underlying chronic diseases(OR=2.580,95%CI:2.165-3.074),a history of allergies(OR=1.418,95%CI:1.003-1.971),current smoking(OR=1.461,95%CI:1.013-2.079),ever smoking(OR=2.462,95%CI:1.687-3.551),a greater number of symptoms during the acute phase[1 symptom(OR=1.778,95%CI:1.459-2.162),2 symptoms(OR=2.749,95%CI:2.209-3.409),≥3 symptoms(OR=7.792,95%CI:6.333-9.593)]and aggravated symptoms during the acute phase(OR=1.082,95%CI:1.070-1.094)were factors associated with a higher risk of developing long COVID symptoms.Additionally,individuals who had consumed alcohol in the past year(OR=1.914,95%CI:1.344-2.684)were more prone to objective long COVID symptoms.Among individuals under 50 years of age,females(OR=1.427,95%CI:1.052-1.943)were more likely to develop objective long COVID symptoms.[Conclusion]This study has identified the diversity of long COVID symptoms,which involve multiple organs and systems,including fatigue,attention disorders,cough,and joint pain.It has also revealed associations between long COVID and various demographic factors(e.g.,age,gender),personal medical history(e.g.,underlying chronic diseases,history of allergies),acute-phase characteristics(e.g.,number and severity of symptoms),and behavioral factors(e.g.,smoking,alcohol consumption).These findings highlight the need for further research and ongoing surveillance of long COVID and may inform the development of more targeted health management strategies for specific populations.关键词
长新冠/影响因素/横断面研究/疲劳/注意力障碍/咳嗽Key words
long COVID/influencing factor/cross-sectional study/fatigue/attention disorder/cough分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
岳俊宏,吴凡,陈晨,贾清清,刘晓侠,王惠婷,吴非,尹妍鹭,臧嘉捷,郭雁飞..上海两社区既往感染人群长新冠流行特征及其影响因素研究[J].上海预防医学,2025,37(7):597-605,9.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFC0872600) （2023YFC0872600）
上海市加强公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划(2023-2025年)重点学科(GWVI-11.1-25) （2023-2025年）
