中国土壤与肥料Issue(8)：23-36,14.DOI:10.11838/sfsc.1673-6257.24734
巢湖流域不同比例有机肥替代化肥对稻麦轮作土壤氨挥发的影响
Effects of different proportions of organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer on ammonia volatilization in rice-wheat rotation soil in Chaohu lake basin
摘要
Abstract
In order to explore the effect of different proportions of organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer on soil ammonia volatilization,a field experiment was carried out in the rice-wheat rotation system of Chaohu lake basin using aeration method to replace chemical fertilizer with organic fertilizer from pig manure and straw.Six treatments were set up:no fertilizer(CK),conventional fertilizer(CF),pig manure organic fertilizer replace 50%fertilizer(CFP-50%),pig manure organic fertilizer replace 30%fertilizer(CFP-30%),straw organic fertilizer replace 50%fertilizer(CFS-50%),straw organic fertilizer replace 30%fertilizer(CFS-30%).The test resulted showed that the peak of soil NH3 volatilization occurred on the second day after fertilization in both rice and wheat seasons,and the cumulative emissions during the whole growth period were 3.72-22.15 and 1.35-12.68 kg·hm-2,respectively.The proportion of NH3 volatilization in the whole growth period of base fertilizer stage was 56.34%-62.86%and 50.32%-52.29%,respectively,which was the NH3 volatilization concentration period.Compared with CF treatment,the average NH3 volatilization rate and cumulative emissions of soil treated with pig manure organic fertilizer and straw organic fertilizer instead of chemical fertilizer were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the decreases ranged from 19.90%to 53.60%and 20.66%to 53.54%,respectively.Among them,the single-season cumulative NH3 emissions of CFS-30%treatment in rice season and CFP-30%treatment in wheat season were significantly reduced compared with CF treatment,with a decrease of 53.54%and 51.08%,respectively,while the annual cumulative NH3 emissions of CFS-30%treatment was reduced by 44.71%compared with CF treatment.At the same time,NH3 emission and NH3 emission coefficient of soil unit yield of pig manure and straw organic fertilizer were significantly lower than those of CF treatment(P<0.05),and the decrease was as high as 59.59%and 64.34%,respectively.Correlation analysis showed that the NH3 volatilization rate of soil under fertilization treatment had a significant negative correlation with soil mass water content,a significant positive correlation with ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen contents of soil and surface water(P<0.01),and a significant positive correlation with wheat season temperature(P<0.05).To sum up,the substitution of straw organic fertilizer for 30%chemical fertilizer in the Chaohu lake basin resulted in the minimum soil ammonia volatilization during the rice-growing season,while pig manure organic fertilizer substitution for 30%chemical fertilizer showed a more significant effect in reducing soil ammonia volatilization during the wheat-growing season,but considering the annual rice-wheat rotation as a whole,straw organic fertilizer substitution for 30%chemical fertilizer achieved the best effect in reducing soil ammonia volatilization.关键词
巢湖流域/有机肥/稻麦轮作/氨挥发Key words
Chaohu lake basin/organic fertilizer/rice-wheat rotation/ammonia volatilization引用本文复制引用
陆杨婷,袁浩强,张可欣,廖霞,胡宏祥,马友华..巢湖流域不同比例有机肥替代化肥对稻麦轮作土壤氨挥发的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2025,(8):23-36,14.基金项目
安徽省高等学校科学研究项目重点项目(2024AH050478) （2024AH050478）
安徽省自然科学基金项目青年项目(2408085QD118). （2408085QD118）
