实验技术与管理2025，Vol.42Issue(8)：73-81,9.DOI:10.16791/j.cnki.sjg.2025.08.010
镁合金电弧增材制造工艺研究
Research on arc additive manufacturing process of magnesium alloys
摘要
Abstract
Magnesium alloys have garnered significant attention due to their light weight,high specific strength,excellent comprehensive mechanical properties,hydrogen storage capacity,and biocompatibility.However,magnesium alloys are chemically active,leading to challenges in achieving satisfactory control of shape and performance using traditional forming processes such as casting and plastic deformation.Therefore,there is an urgent need to employ new-generation advanced manufacturing technology that can facilitate the integrated forming of complex parts from magnesium alloys,encompassing both forming principles and component performance.Currently,research on wire arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)of magnesium alloys primarily focuses on optimizing process parameters and characterizing microstructure and mechanical properties.However,corrosion resistance and strengthening properties are relatively underexplored.Against this backdrop,this study systematically investigates the forming process,microstructural properties,and modification methods of WAAM magnesium alloys.First,the formability of the WAAM AZ91D magnesium alloy was investigated.The effects of preheating temperature,welding voltage,wire feed speed,welding speed,and wire extension on the shape and size of the weld bead were analyzed.A multivariate quadratic regression model was established using the response surface design method to analyze the correlation between critical process parameters(welding voltage,wire feeding speed,and welding speed)and weld bead features(width,height,and contact angle).The analysis results showed that the order of influence on width was Vf(wire feed speed)＞Vw(welding speed)＞U(welding voltage),that on height was Vf＞Vw＞Vf,and that on contact angle was U＞Vw＞Vf.Furthermore,there was a significant interaction between Vw and Vf in relation to height.Second,a well-formed,single-pass,multi-layer,thin-walled AZ91D magnesium alloy part,free of obvious defects,was successfully fabricated under appropriate process parameters.The microstructure,mechanical properties,and corrosion resistance of WAAM-AZ91D were studied.The microstructure mainly consisted of equiaxed grains with varying grain sizes in different regions.Compared with as-cast magnesium alloy,WAAM magnesium alloy exhibited a smaller grain size,more uniform distribution of the β-Mg17Al12 phase,and primarily lamellar secondary-precipitated β-Mg17Al12 phase,which resulted in improved mechanical properties and corrosion resistance.Typical heat-treatment methods(T4 and T6)were used for the post-treatment of the WAAM magnesium alloy.The impact of heat treatment on the microstructure and mechanical properties was investigated,and the strengthening effect of heat treatment was defined.Solution treatment promoted the dissolution of the β-Mg17Al12 phase in the magnesium alloy,resulting in the formation of a single-phase α-Mg supersaturated solid solution structure and improved Al segregation.After solution treatment,the hardness decreased while the tensile properties were initially enhanced before gradually declining with increasing solution treatment time.The corrosion resistance improved.The solution-aging treatment precipitated the β-Mg17Al12 phase from the α-Mg supersaturated solid solution;the hardness and initial tensile properties improved before showing a gradual decrease with increased aging time.Corrosion resistance initially decreased before gradually improving.Finally,laser surface melting and micro-arc oxidation were used to enhance the surface properties of WAAM-AZ91D.The effects of process parameters on surface morphology,phase composition,mechanical properties,and corrosion resistance were investigated.Results showed that laser surface melting hardened the magnesium alloy surface and increased corrosion resistance as laser power increased.Micro-arc oxidation treatment had a significant effect on improving the microhardness,wear resistance,and corrosion resistance of WAAW-AZ91D.关键词
电弧增材制造/镁合金/电化学腐蚀Key words
wire arc additive manufacturing/magnesium alloys/electrochemical corrosion分类
信息技术与安全科学引用本文复制引用
钱俊,沈洪垚,陈静霓,唐洁..镁合金电弧增材制造工艺研究[J].实验技术与管理,2025,42(8):73-81,9.基金项目
浙江省"尖兵""领雁"研发攻关计划项目(2023C01169) （2023C01169）
浙江省"十四五"第二批本科省级教学改革重点项目(JGZD2024004) （JGZD2024004）
