西南农业学报2025，Vol.38Issue(7)：1384-1390,7.DOI:10.16213/j.cnki.scjas.2025.7.004
覆膜年限和灌溉方式对蔬菜种植土壤微塑料特征的影响
Effect of mulching years and irrigation methods on microplastics characteristics in vegetable field
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]The present paper aimed to clarify the characteristics of microplastics(MPs)in soil under different mulching years and irrigation methods,and to provide data support and practical guidance for the sustainable development of large-scale cultivation in Cheng-du Plain.[Method]Eight sample points with different mulching years(5,10,15 and 20 years)and different irrigation methods(diffuse irri-gation and drip irrigation)in Pengzhou vegetable field were selected to analyze the abundance,morphology,color,particle size,polymer type and distribution characteristics of MPs in soils of 0-5,5-10 and 10-20 cm.[Result]The abundance of soil MPs at the eight sample sites ranged from 583 to 1530 items/kg,with significant increases in MPs abundance as the covering film years increased.Specifically,the soil MPs abundance of 20 years film-covered field(1490 items/kg)was 2.36 times higher than that of 5 years film-covered field(632 items/kg).Soil MPs abundance was larger in drip-irrigated field than in diffuse-irrigated field after the same years of mulching,with significant differ-ences observed at the 5 and 20 years film-covered field.There were significant differences in soil MPs abundance between soil layers at the same sampling site,but soil MPs abundance at different sites did not show a uniform change pattern with soil depth.The morphology of soil MPs in the study area was mainly in the form of film and fiber,accounting for 48.18％and 42.89％,respectively.Four colors of MPs,trans-parent,black,red and green,were detected in the study area,with proportions of 47.83％,43.63％,4.04％and 4.50％in that order.The polymer types of soil MPs were mainly polyethylene and polypropylene,which accounted for 38.10％and 28.57％,respectively.The percent-ages of small(＜1 mm),medium(1-3 mm)and large(＞3 mm)soil MPs were 37.99％,41.19％and 20.82％,respectively.[Conclu-sion]The plastic film for vegetable cultivation is the main source of soil MPs of the study area,and the number of mulching years is the most important factor influencing the total abundance of soil MPs.关键词
微塑料/农膜/蔬菜/聚乙烯Key words
Microplastics/Agricultural film/Vegetables/Polyethylene分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
姚兴柱,戢昕蕾,唐祺超,王谢,罗永霞,陈冠陶..覆膜年限和灌溉方式对蔬菜种植土壤微塑料特征的影响[J].西南农业学报,2025,38(7):1384-1390,7.基金项目
四川省农业科学院2024人才引进培养专项(30114-03-240003) （30114-03-240003）
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFD1901405) （2022YFD1901405）
