烟草科技2025，Vol.58Issue(9)：34-45,12.DOI:10.16135/j.issn1002-0861.2025.0377
烤烟氮肥利用率与生物碱组分含量的定量关系
Quantitative relationships between nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency and contents of alkaloid components in flue-cured tobacco
摘要
Abstract
In order to investigate the quantitative relationships between nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency and the contents of alkaloid components(mass fraction)in flue-cured tobacco,four nitrogen application treatments(140.81 kg/hm2(T1),156.45 kg/hm2(T2),172.10 kg/hm2(T3),and 187.74 kg/hm2(T4))were applied using Yueyan 97 as the experimental flue-cured tobacco.The mass fractions of nitrogen content and alkaloid components(total alkaloids,nicotine,nornicotine,neonicotine and anatabine)in the upper,middle and lower leaves,roots and stems of the flue-cured tobacco at rosette,fast growing and maturity stages were determined.15 N isotopic tracing was used to analyze 15 N distribution rate in different parts of tobacco plants.Nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency by the plant and nitrogen fertilizer contribution rate were calculated,and the quantitative relationships between the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency and the contents of alkaloid components were analyzed.The results showed that the contents of alkaloid components in different parts of the plant increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate at the rosette and fast growing stages.At the maturity stage,the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency under the T3 treatment was the highest,which was 111.06%higher than that under the T1 treatment,and the nitrogen accumulations in the upper,middle and lower leaves as well as 15 N distribution rate in the middle leaves under the T3 treatment were the highest,which were 56.34%,80.82%,58.62%and 29.03%higher than those under the T1 treatment.The nicotine contents in the upper,middle and lower leaves as well as 15 N distribution rate in the upper leaves under the T4 treatment were the highest,which were 59.26%,62.75%,72.34%and 21.56%higher than those under the T1 treatment.Fitting analysis between the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency and the contents of alkaloid components revealed that,with the increase of nitrogen application rate,the nitrogen accumulation,nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency and the contents of alkaloid components at the rosette and fast growing stages increased,indicating that the increase of nitrogen application rate was conductive to the accumulations of the alkaloid components at the earlier stage of growth and development period of the plant.At the maturity stage,the fitting curve between the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency and the contents of alkaloid components(except nornicotine)were parabolic,and the nitrogen application rate exceeding the threshold value would pose an inhibitory effect on the accumulations of alkaloid components in the plant.When the nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency of tobacco plants was 28.02%,the nicotine content in tobacco plant was the highest.关键词
烤烟/施氮量/氮肥利用率/生物碱组分/同位素示踪Key words
Flue-cured tobacco/Nitrogen application rate/Nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency/Alkaloid component/Isotopic tracing分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
蔡民爵,曾嘉楠,黄瑞寅,钟仙韵,钟帅,李红星,王旭,陈建军,王媛媛..烤烟氮肥利用率与生物碱组分含量的定量关系[J].烟草科技,2025,58(9):34-45,12.基金项目
清远市烟草专卖局(公司)科技项目"基于肥料运筹的烤烟烟碱含量调控技术研究与应用"(清烟科项202202) （公司）
广东中烟工业有限责任公司科研项目"黄坑基地焦甜醇甜香烟叶质量提升技术研究与示范"(2024440000340013). （2024440000340013）
