转化医学杂志2025，Vol.14Issue(9)：5-10,6.DOI:10.3639/j.issn.2095-3097.2025.09.002
小儿肺炎呼吸系统病原体检测及临床特征分析
Detection of Respiratory Pathogens and Analysis of Clinical Characteristics in Pediatric Pneumonia
摘要
Abstract
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of pediatric pneumonia caused by different pathogens and analyze their relationship with disease severity.Methods A total of 634 children with pediatric pneumonia admitted to Nanjing Jiangning Hospital from December 2023 to February 2025 were selected.All children underwent respiratory pathogen testing.Based on pathogen detection results,patients were divided into bacterial pneumonia(BP)group(271 cases),viral pneumonia(VP)group(135 cases),and mycoplasma pneumonia(MP)group(228 cases).Clinical characteristics including symptoms,signs,laboratory parameters,and imaging findings were compared among the three groups.Patients were classified into mild(443 cases)and severe(191 cases)groups according to clinical pulmonary infection scores.Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze factors influencing disease severity.Results The age in the MP group was higher than that in the BP group and the VP group(P<0.05);the proportions of acute onset and high fever in the BP group were higher compared to the VP group and the MP group(P<0.05).White blood cell count(WBC),procalcitonin(PCT),and C-reactive protein(CRP)levels were higher in the BP group than those in the VP group and the MP group(P<0.05).The detection rates of pulmonary parenchymal changes,consolidation shadows,air bronchogram signs,and multiple small nodular shadows in the BP group were higher compared with those in the VP group and the MP group(85.98%vs 8.89%,29.82%,P<0.05;66.79%vs 18.52%,27.63%,P<0.05;45.76%vs 17.04%,9.65%,P<0.05;40.96%vs 18.52%,7.89%,P<0.05);the detection rates of pulmonary interstitial changes and ground-glass shadows in the VP group were higher than those in the BP group and the MP group(90.37%vs 4.80%,47.81%,P<0.05;67.41%vs 31.73%,55.70%,P<0.05);the detection rate of pleural effusion was higher in the MP group compared to the BP group and the VP group(42.98%vs 14.76%,21.48%,P<0.05).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis revealed that PCT,CRP,consolidation shadows,and pleural effusion were independent influencing factors of disease severity in children with pneumonia(OR=1.115,95%CI:1.027-1.211,P<0.05;OR=1.119,95%CI:1.016-1.231,P<0.05;OR=2.849,95%CI:1.429-5.680,P<0.05;OR=2.824,95%CI:1.349-5.912,P<0.05).Conclusion Clinical symptoms,signs,CRP,PCT,WBC count,and imaging manifestations can effectively differentiate pediatric pneumonia caused by different pathogens.Additionally,CRP,PCT,and imaging signs such as consolidation shadows and pleural effusion are closely related to disease severity.关键词
小儿肺炎/病原体/临床特点/病情严重程度/支原体感染Key words
pediatric pneumonia/pathogens/clinical characteristics/disease severity/mycoplasma infection引用本文复制引用
王铖芸,丁洁,刘玲珍,王会丹,刘倩倩..小儿肺炎呼吸系统病原体检测及临床特征分析[J].转化医学杂志,2025,14(9):5-10,6.基金项目
江苏省卫生健康委医学科研立项项目(MJS2022H0154) （MJS2022H0154）
