浙江大学学报（医学版）2025，Vol.54Issue(4)：446-454,9.DOI:10.3724/zdxbyxb-2024-0709
脂质纳米粒信使RNA递送系统研究进展
Research progress on lipid nanoparticle messenger RNA delivery system
摘要
Abstract
Messenger RNA(mRNA)therapeutics involve delivering in vitro transcribed mRNA into specific cells to produce target proteins for the treatment or prevention of diseases.However,the development of mRNA therapeutics relies largely on mRNA delivery systems.Lipid nanoparticles(LNPs)represent the most widely used mRNA carriers in clinical applications.Composed of ionizable lipids,zwitterionic phospholipids,cholesterol,and polyethylene glycol-lipids,LNPs can address critical challenges in mRNA drug development,such as poor in vivo stability and the difficulty in crossing biological barriers.Ultimately,LNPs enable safe,efficient,and targeted mRNA delivery to the liver,lung,spleen,and other organs.This review outlines the roles of the four lipid components in LNPs for mRNA delivery.It then introduces targeted mRNA delivery to various organs/tissues such as the liver,lung,spleen,pancreas,bone marrow,and placenta,using strategies such as antibody modification,lipid structure alteration,and specialized administration routes.Additionally,this review discusses the applications and challenges of LNP-based mRNA therapeutics in disease treatment,aiming to provide insights for the clinical translation of mRNA therapies and for further innovations in LNP delivery systems.关键词
信使RNA疗法/信使RNA递送系统/脂质纳米粒/靶向递送/基因治疗/综述Key words
Messenger RNA therapy/Messenger RNA delivery system/Lipid nanoparticle/Targeted delivery/Gene therapy/Review分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
何顺,刘帅..脂质纳米粒信使RNA递送系统研究进展[J].浙江大学学报（医学版）,2025,54(4):446-454,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(32471375,22205201) （32471375,22205201）
浙江省自然科学基金(LZ23H180003) This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(32471375,22205201),and Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LZ23H180003) （LZ23H180003）
