广东海洋大学学报2025，Vol.45Issue(4)：51-59,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1673-9159.2025.04.006
海阳核电站温排水对水域游泳生物群落结构的影响
Impacts of Thermal Drainge from Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant on the Community Structure of Nekton in Adjacent Waters
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To analyze the community structure characteristics of fishery resources in the waters affected by thermal discharge from nuclear power plants,clarify the ecological effects of thermal discharge on the distribution of fishery resources,and provide a scientific basis for the comprehensive study of the impact of thermal discharge on ecosystems.[Method]The surface and bottom seawater temperatures at 15 survey stations in Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant were investigated to divide the waters affected by thermal discharge into temperature zones.Through trawl sampling and ecological adaptability analysis,the species composition,habitat water layer,temperature adaptability,and resource quantity of nekton in the warming zones were analyzed,and the differences in community structure composition among the warming zones were compared.[Result]Multidimensional scaling(MDS)ordination showed that the waters affected by thermal discharge were divided into 3 temperaturezones(high-temperature zone,medium-temperature zone,and low-temperature zone)in spring,and 4 warming zones(high-temperature zone,medium-warming zone,low-temperature zone,and lowest-temperature zone)in summer.The medium-temperature zone in spring and the low-temperature zone in summer had the largest number of biological species,with 40 and 41 species respectively.The seawater temperature in both seasons did not exceed 30℃,and the bottom-dwelling species and warm-temperate species dominated in all temperature zones.The highest biomass catch rate and abundance catch rate in spring both appeared in the medium-temperature zone,while those in summer both occurred in the high-temperature zone.In contrast,the lowest biomass catch rate and abundance catch rate in both seasons were found in the low-temperature zone.The maximum differences in biomass mass catch rate and abundance catch rate between the two seasons were 95.50%and 63.17%,and 103.99%and 122.16%respectively,with warm-temperate species being the main component in all cases.Wilcoxon test results indicated that there were significant differences in biomass or abundance catch rates among different temperature zones in both seasons(P<0.05),and the variances of catch rates between each pair of temperature zones were heterogeneous in both seasons,suggesting the existence of extreme abnormal values of catch rates in individual temperature zones.The proportion of bottom-dwelling organism biomass catch rate in each temperature zone accounted for an absolute advantage in both spring and summer,ranging from 83.65%to 99.14%and 72.19%to 96.71%respectively.Similarity analysis(ANOSIM)showed that the differences in species mass catch rates among different temperature zones were significant in spring(R=0.26,P=0.04),but not significant in summer(R=0.23,P=0.09).Similarity percentage analysis(SIMPER)revealed that the differences between zones were greater than those within zones in both seasons,and the species contributing to the differences were mainly bottom-dwelling species,with different species involved in the two seasons.[Conclusion]There are significant differences in catch rates among different temperature zones in the waters affected by thermal discharge from Haiyang Nuclear Power Plant.Both the number of biological species and resource quantity are dominated by warm-temperate species.The distribution of various temperature-adapted species partially matches the differences in ecological adaptability of species to water temperature changes.Generally,species at both ends of the temperature adaptation range relatively follow the temperature adaptation law,while the changes of species in the middle range are more significant.The differences in species composition among different temperature zones are mainly driven by bottom-dwelling organisms with a high resource proportion.关键词
核电站/温度/群落结构/底层种/暖水种Key words
nuclear power plant/temperature/community structure/demersal species/warm-water species分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
李忠义,王蕾,王志杨,韩青鹏..海阳核电站温排水对水域游泳生物群落结构的影响[J].广东海洋大学学报,2025,45(4):51-59,9.基金项目
崂山实验室科技创新项目(LSKJ202202905) （LSKJ202202905）
