作物学报2025，Vol.51Issue(10)：2681-2692,12.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2025.55019
甘蓝型油菜苗期耐碱性种质综合鉴定与评价
Comprehensive evaluation of alkaline tolerance in Brassica napus at the seed-ling stage
摘要
Abstract
Soil salinization is a major factor limiting rapeseed production.Identifying alkali-tolerant rapeseed germplasm is of great importance for breeding programs,enhancing oil production capacity,and promoting the sustainable use of saline-alkali land.Accurate and efficient screening and identification methods are fundamental to the discovery of alkali-tolerant germplasm resources and the genetic improvement of alkali tolerance in rapeseed.In this study,a mixed alkali solution(75 mmol L-1,Na-HCO3:Na2CO3 at a molar ratio of 2:1)was used to simulate alkaline stress.Four soil pH gradients(pH 8.75,8.95,9.18,and 9.42)were established by adjusting the ratio of nutrient soil to vermiculite.The widely cultivated variety'Zhongshuang 11'was used as the test material to evaluate the effects of different pH levels on rapeseed growth and development.A soil pH of 8.95 was identi-fied as optimal for evaluating alkali tolerance.A total of 224 natural rapeseed germplasms were subjected to alkali stress,and four phenotypic traits were measured under both control and alkaline conditions:aboveground fresh weight,aboveground dry weight,leaf number,and survival rate.Alkali tolerance at the seedling stage was comprehensively assessed using coefficient of variation analysis,correlation analysis,principal component analysis,membership function analysis,and cluster analysis.Results showed that under pH8.95 treatment,the coefficient of variation(CV)for all phenotypic traits increased significantly compared to control conditions,with the CV of both aboveground fresh and dry weights increasing by more than 25%.A highly significant positive correlation was observed between the alkali tolerance indices(aboveground fresh/dry weight,leaf number,survival rate)and the comprehensive alkali tolerance score(D-value).The first two principal components(PC1 and PC2),along with the comprehensive score D,followed a normal distribution.Based on membership function and cluster analyses,the 224 germplasms were classified into five alkali tolerance groups:highly alkali-sensitive(7.14%),alkali-sensitive(50.00%),intermediate(33.93%),alkali-tolerant(8.58%),and highly alkali-tolerant(0.45%).In total,19 alkali-tolerant and 1 highly alkali-tolerant germplasms were identified.A regression equation was established based on the tolerance indices of the four phenotypic traits across all samples:Y=0.009+0.986X1+0.208X2+0.151X3.Aboveground fresh weight,dry weight,and leaf number were identified as key indicators for evaluating alkali tolerance in rapeseed seedlings.关键词
甘蓝型油菜/苗期/土培耐碱性/评价鉴定/种质筛选Key words
Brassica napus(rapeseed)/seedling stage/alkali tolerance of soil culture/evaluation and identification/germplasm screening引用本文复制引用
胡志康,刘胜毅,胡琼,梅德圣,李超,舒雨,王会,杨莹莹,廖俊宇,刘佳,成洪涛,郭晨,张园园..甘蓝型油菜苗期耐碱性种质综合鉴定与评价[J].作物学报,2025,51(10):2681-2692,12.基金项目
本研究由国家科技创新 2030 项目(2022ZD04010),国家自然科学基金项目(32372065),中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-OCRI)和财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-12)资助. This study was supported by the National Science and Technology Innovation 2030 of China(2022ZD04010),the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32372065),the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences(CAAS-ASTIP-2021-OCRI),and the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-12). （2022ZD04010）
