法医学杂志2025，Vol.41Issue(3)：237-243,7.DOI:10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.540404
牙线来源的生物样本采集、DNA提取及STR分型
Dental Floss-derived Biological Sample Collection,DNA Extraction and STR Typing
摘要
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the forensic application value of used dental floss as a source of bio-logical evidence for individual identification by analyzing the effects of dental floss sample collection methods,DNA extraction methods,preservation conditions,and sampling sites on the success rate of STR typing.Methods Dental floss samples were collected using three techniques:direct cutting,cotton swab wiping,and flocked swab wiping,respectively.DNA was extracted respectively by the Chelex,spin column-based and magnetic bead-based methods.DNA quantification and STR typing were per-formed using the Qubit kit and FGI HumDNA Typing kit(Platinum),respectively.Storage environ-ments(temperature and humidity,ultraviolet radiation)and sampling locations(the floss part,the handle part)on DNA quantity and STR typing were evaluated.Results Through conducting a statisti-cal analysis of three key indicators of average DNA mass concentration,STR locus detection rate,and typing accuracy rate,the direct cutting method demonstrated the highest efficacy,followed by cotton swab wiping mothed,and the flocked swab wiping method had the lowest efficacy.Direct cutting yielded an average DNA mass concentration greater than(4.94±1.87)ng/μL,with STR locus detection and accuracy rates of 100%.Bead-based DNA extraction method produced superior DNA concentration and quality compared to spin column-based and Chelex methods,regardless of whether the sampling technique used.Preservation conditions had a significant impact on the DNA analysis of samples.Par-ticularly,the STR typing accuracy of samples preserved at 55℃/50%RH for 35 days dropped to(81.82±12.31)%,and that of samples exposed to ultraviolet radiation for 12 h dropped to(55.46±34.31)%.DNA concentration from the handle part of dental floss was extremely low,with an STR typing accuracy of only(30.91±27.35)%.Conclusion Using cotton swabs to wipe or directly cutting the thread of dental floss samples,and combining this approach with the magnetic bead method for DNA extraction,can best guarantee the concentration and quality of DNA.In addition,samples should be stored in low-temperature,low-humidity environment,protected from light and ultraviolet radiation.关键词
法医遗传学/STR分型/样本采集/DNA提取/牙线Key words
forensic genetics/STR typing/sample collection/DNA extraction/dental floss分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
李泽琴,原芳,刘娜,严江伟,张更谦..牙线来源的生物样本采集、DNA提取及STR分型[J].法医学杂志,2025,41(3):237-243,7.基金项目
国家重点研发计划子课题(2023YFF0614601-1) （2023YFF0614601-1）
山西省基础研究计划资助项目(20210302123313) （20210302123313）
