法医学杂志2025，Vol.41Issue(3)：244-251,8.DOI:10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2024.440606
3种溺死相关浮游生物检验方法用于诊断溺死的比较
Comparison of Three Drowning-related Plankton Testing Methods in Drowning Diagnosis
摘要
Abstract
Objective To compare the application effects of plankton multiplex polymerase chain reac-tion-capillary electrophoresis(PCR-CE),SYBR Green Ⅰ real-time quantitative PCR(qPCR)and microwave digestion-vacuum filtration-automated scanning electron microscopy(MD-VF-Auto SEM)in the diagnosis of drowning.Methods Lung,liver and kidney tissues from 212 drowned corpses and 30 non-drowned corpses were examined respectively by the three drowning-related plankton testing methods,and the detection rates of plankton in each tissue by three methods were compared.Results In drowned corpses,the total detection rates of PCR-CE,qPCR,and MD-VF-Auto SEM were 93.9%,96.2%,and 95.3%,respectively,with no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).The detection rate of lung tissue by MD-VF-Auto SEM(100%)was higher than those of PCR-CE and qPCR(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in the detection rates of the three methods in liver or kidney tissues(P>0.05).In non-drowning corpses,a small number of diatoms(less than 10 cells/10 g)were detected by MD-VF-Auto SEM method,only in liver and kidney tissues,while the other two methods yielded negative results for all tissues.Conclusion All three methods have good efficacy in the examination of drowned corpses.The MD-VF-Auto SEM method directly observes diatom morpho-logical characteristics through scanning electron microscopy,and the qualitative and quantitative analy-ses are intuitive and accurate.It has great advantages in the examination of difficult degradation samples.The PCR-CE method and qPCR method have a low sample demand(0.5 g),are easy to operate and have short detection time(4-7 h).They are easy to be applied in the grassroots depart-ments and are suitable for the rapid determination of drowned corpses in routin cases.The combina-tion of the two DNA methods with the MD-VF-Auto SEM method can increase the detection rate of plankton,ensuring the reliability of examination results.This combined use is of significant importance in the application of drowning diagnosis.关键词
法医病理学/溺死/多重聚合酶链反应-毛细管电泳检测法/实时荧光定量PCR/微波消解-真空抽滤-自动扫描电子显微镜法/浮游生物Key words
forensic pathology/drowning/polymerase chain reaction-capillary electrophoresis(PCR-CE)/real-time quantitative PCR/microwave digestion-vacuum filtration-automated scanning electron micros-copy(MD-VF-Auto SEM)/plankton分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
张晓峰,苏秦,陈晓晖,吴伟斌,郑冬云,赵建,陈玲,徐曲毅,刘超..3种溺死相关浮游生物检验方法用于诊断溺死的比较[J].法医学杂志,2025,41(3):244-251,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(82371901) （82371901）
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2023YFC3303902) （2023YFC3303902）
公安部科技计划资助项目(2022JC35) （2022JC35）
公安部刑事技术"双十计划"推广项目(2022SSTG01) （2022SSTG01）
