铁道科学与工程学报2025，Vol.22Issue(8)：3387-3397,11.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20241639
开/闭口工况下高速列车弓腔耦合系统气动噪声仿真研究
Numerical investigation of aerodynamic noise for open/closed conditions of pantograph-cavity coupled system on high-speed trains
摘要
Abstract
When the train speed exceeds 0.3 Ma,the pantograph-cavity coupling system becomes a major source of aerodynamic noise,which can adversely affect ride comfort.This study investigated the aerodynamic noise generation and acoustic radiation characteristics of the pantograph-cavity coupling system under open and closed cavity conditions for high-speed trains operating at 400 km/h.The unsteady compressible three-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations were solved using the Large Eddy Simulation(LES)approach to capture the pantograph flow field,and the far-field noise was predicted via the K-FWH integral method.The results show that under both open and closed cavity conditions,the equivalent sound sources in the pantograph region are similar.The bottom insulation structure contributes a moderate proportion,the middle rod structure contributes the most,and the top current collector contributes the least.For the closed-cavity condition,the contributions of these three parts are 11.1％,87.9％,and 1％,respectively,while for the open-cavity condition they are 12.0％,86.6％,and 1.4％,respectively.The main frequency peak energy and total energy of the surface equivalent sound sources under the closed cavity condition are greater than those under the open cavity condition.In both cases,the dominant frequency are 1 600 Hz,with peak energies of 5.11×1010 N2/s2 and 1.11×1011 N2/s2,and total energies of 5.16×1012 N2/s2 and 1.19×1013 N2/s2,respectively.The far-field radiated noise is also greater for the closed cavity condition.For both configurations,the maximum sound pressure levels are observed within the longitudinal range of[-8,8]m relative to the pantograph.The maximum sound pressure level is 88.1 dB(A)at 8 meters for the closed condition and 85.6 dB(A)at 4 m for the open cavity.These findings suggest that adopting an open-cavity pantograph arrangement can effectively reduce aerodynamic noise,providing theoretical insights and technical guidance for noise mitigation in 400 km/h-class high-speed trains.关键词
高速列车/受电弓/开/闭口运行/列车空气动力学/气动声学Key words
high-speed train/pantograph/open/closed conditions/train aerodynamics/aeroacoustics分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
袁思齐,杨志刚,李雪亮,肖强..开/闭口工况下高速列车弓腔耦合系统气动噪声仿真研究[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2025,22(8):3387-3397,11.基金项目
高速磁浮运载技术全国重点实验室开放基金项目(SKLM-SFCF-2023-002) （SKLM-SFCF-2023-002）
中南大学研究生科研创新项目(512340003) （512340003）
