中南林业科技大学学报2025，Vol.45Issue(8)：76-85,10.DOI:10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2025.08.008
7种樱属植物杂交授粉生物学特性
The pollination biological characteristics of hybridization in seven Prunus species
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aimed to investigate the biological characteristics and patterns of different Prunus species as hybrid parents in artificial cross-pollination to improve the success rate of hybrid breeding.[Method]Seven Prunus species were selected for cross-pollination in different combinations.Pollen morphology was observed,and pollen germination rate and stigma receptivity were evaluated at four developmental stages(small bud stage,large bud stage,initial flowering stage,and full flowering stage)using in vitro culture and benzidine-hydrogen peroxide methods.Pollen tube growth and ovary fertilization were examined via fluorescence microscopy.Fruit-setting rates among different hybrid combinations were analyzed for correlations.[Result]The exine ornamentation of all seven pollen types exhibited striate sculpturing,with variations in pollen grain size,number of surface apertures,and exine texture thickness.Both pollen germination rate and stigma receptivity initially increased and then decreased across the four stages,peaking at the initial flowering stage.Pollen tubes began growing 4 h after pollination,with fertilization completed within 96-120 h.A concentrated fruit drop occurred 14-28 d after pollination,and fruit-setting rates stabilized by 35 d.Significant correlations were observed between fruit-setting rate and polar axis length(P＜0.05),aperture length,and stigma receptivity(P＜0.05),while pollen germination rate showed a significant correlation(P＜0.05).[Conclusion]The optimal period for pollen collection and pollination is the early flowering stage.All seven Prunus taxa examined exhibit either synchronogamy or protogyny.Inter-specific hybridization yields significantly lower fruit-set than intra-specific crosses,suggesting the existence of both pre-and post-zygotic reproductive barriers.关键词
樱属/杂交授粉/花粉萌发率/柱头可授性/坐果率Key words
Prunus/cross-pollination/pollen germination rate/stigma receptivity/fruit set rate分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
钱雨婷,曹受金,禹霖,欧光梅,舒曼,熊颖,吴思政..7种樱属植物杂交授粉生物学特性[J].中南林业科技大学学报,2025,45(8):76-85,10.基金项目
湖南省重点研发计划项目(2022NK2016) （2022NK2016）
湖南省林业科技创新项目(XLK202417、XLKY202317、XLKY202212) （XLK202417、XLKY202317、XLKY202212）
中央财政林草科技推广项目([2024]XT12). （[2024]XT12）
