北京林业大学学报（社会科学版）2025，Vol.24Issue(3)：1-10,10.DOI:10.13931/j.cnki.bjfuss.2025114
对以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系人类活动管理的反思
Reflections on Management of Human Activities in Protected Area System with National Park as Its Mainbody in China
摘要
Abstract
It is usual to control human activities by blacklist measures for the protected area system with national park as its mainbody in China,which tends to one-size-fits-all in reality and implemented as accordance for accountability.In view of its bad effects on many occasions,it should be reflected scientifically.Some measures have been adjusted in policy and law latest released,which give resilient measures for some human activities for both core zone and general control zone in national park.However,one-size-fits-all policy to prohibit human activities in core zone in principle and unreasonable accountability still exists.The attributing factors of these issues can be concluded as three:①the relevant administrative departments have an unclear understanding of the scientific meaning of"the strictest protection";②antiquated and unscientific policies and laws;③the mode of information collection and transmission of human activities can't match the needs of conservation.All of these result in upper level government failure on most occasions.It is analysed that positive and negative externalities from the information of human activities are asymmetrically distributed among different levels of government(and management institutions),and the related rights,responsibilities and interests do not match.In addition,the ways of obtaining information such as supervision and accountability are different from those of daily management.These lead to incompatible incentive on the occasion of information asymmetry.Consequently,it is safe to prefer"left"rather than"right"for the management agencies of protected areas,which tend to sloth administration especially in the field of promoting harmonious coexistence between humans and nature.Based on the views as above,it should be adopted that human activities are controlled by adapted management with white list,accordingly,the distribution of positive and negative externalities from the information of human activities should be adjusted among government and management agency of different level,so that the compatible incentive can be formed for the information collection and transmission by grass root administration,and adaptive management for human activities can be realized based on valid information mechanism.关键词
国家公园/人类活动/信息/问责/适应性管理/白名单Key words
national park/human activity/information/accountability/adaptive management/white list分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
唐佳乐,苏杨..对以国家公园为主体的自然保护地体系人类活动管理的反思[J].北京林业大学学报（社会科学版）,2025,24(3):1-10,10.基金项目
国务院发展研究中心力拓研究基金. （）
