中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科2025，Vol.32Issue(8)：525-528,4.DOI:10.16066/j.1672-7002.2025.08.010
河南省信阳市4 020例学龄前儿童听力初筛与复筛结果分析
Analysis of initial hearing screening and rescreening results in 4 020 preschool children in Xinyang,Henan
摘要
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the outcomes of hearing screening and rescreening among preschool children in two districts and eight counties of Xinyang City,to explore the major etiological patterns,and to evaluate parental awareness of childhood hearing health,thereby providing evidence for regional preschool hearing health management.METHODS A total of 4 020 preschool children aged 3.0-6.5 years who underwent hearing screening in Xinyang between January 2023 and January 2025 were included.The initial screening employed transient evoked otoacoustic emissions(TEOAE)and tympanometry.Children who failed the initial screening were rescreened one month later under standardized conditions using tympanometry and distortion product otoacoustic emissions(DPOAE).Those who still failed underwent further auditory evaluations,including auditory steady-state response(ASSR),auditory brainstem response(ABR),and imaging examinations.Prior to rescreening,parents or guardians completed a structured questionnaire on hearing health knowledge and perceptions of their child's auditory behaviors.RESULTS The initial screening failure rate was 12.1%(121/1 002)in the counties and 6.1%(184/3018)in the districts,with a significant difference between the two groups(χ²=37.51,P<0.001).The age of children who failed the initial screening was(5.74±0.90)years in the counties and(4.99±0.93)years in the districts,also significantly different(t=7.03,P<0.001).Overall,305 children failed the initial screening(7.6%,305/4 020).At rescreening,127 cases(41.6%,127/305)remained abnormal;118 of them completed further testing and were diagnosed with otitis media with effusion(OME)in 111 cases(94.1%,some with concurrent sinusitis or adenoid/tonsillar hypertrophy),sensorineural hearing loss in 5 cases(4.2%),and cholesteatoma in 2 cases(1.7%).Parental survey results showed that 92.1%were unaware of ototoxic drugs,38.1%of parents of affected children failed to recognize their child's hearing problems,while 21.3%of parents of normal-hearing children misjudged their child as having poor auditory responses.CONCLUSION OME was the most common cause of hearing abnormalities in preschool children in Xinyang.Higher failure rates in county-level areas highlight the need to strengthen regional preschool hearing screening systems.Parental awareness of childhood hearing health was insufficient,underscoring the importance of targeted health education to improve early recognition and timely intervention,thereby supporting optimal language,learning,and social development in preschool children.关键词
新生儿筛查/儿童,学龄前/伴渗出液中耳炎/耳声发射,自发性/听力筛查/鼓室图Key words
Neonatal Screening/Child,Preschool/Otitis Media with Effusion/Otoacoustic Emissions,Spontaneous/hearing screening/tympanometry引用本文复制引用
苏可,陶义祖,徐蕊,王芳..河南省信阳市4 020例学龄前儿童听力初筛与复筛结果分析[J].中国耳鼻咽喉头颈外科,2025,32(8):525-528,4.基金项目
信阳市软科学研究计划项目(20220084) （20220084）
