含能材料2025，Vol.33Issue(9)：1029-1049,21.DOI:10.11943/CJEM2025093
高能低感单质炸药研究进展
Review on High-energy Low-sensitivity Single-component Explosives
摘要
Abstract
Due to the high energy density and excellent safety performance,high-energy low-sensitivity single-component explo-sive plays an crucial role in the national economy,military industry and aerospace sectors,and has become one of the key re-search topics in energetic materials.In recent years,scientists worldwide have carried out extensive studies on the creation of high-energy low-sensitivity single-component explosives.This article systematically reviews 27 types of single-component explo-sives reported since 2001,with detonation velocity above 8750 m·s-1,impact sensitivity lower than 15 J,and thermal decompo-sition temperature greater than 200℃.These explosives fall into three major categories:single-ring,multi-ring,and fused-ring compounds.A detailed elaboration of the synthesis methods,structural features,and performance characteristics of these single-component explosives is provided,while an in-depth analysis of the challenges and bottlenecks encountered in the devel-opment is conducted.Based on current research advancements,this article outlines future development trends,emphasizing that molecular design capabilities should be enhanced according to practical needs.The specific attention should be paid to molecu-lar defect recovery,the feasibility of synthetic processes,cost control,and the application of emerging technologies in this field.关键词
高能低感单质炸药/合成/物化性能/爆轰性能/安全性能Key words
high-energy low-sensitivity single-component explosive/synthesis/physicochemical properties/detonation perfor-mance/safety performance分类
军事科技引用本文复制引用
冯永安,闫锦峰,邓沐聪..高能低感单质炸药研究进展[J].含能材料,2025,33(9):1029-1049,21.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(22275169、21905258、22205049)、黑龙江省自然科学基金(LH2021B006)和山西省研究生科研创新项目(2023KY591) National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.22275169,22205049,21905258),Natural Science Foun-dation of Heilongjiang Province of China(No.LH2021B006)and Graduate Student Research Innovation Project in Shanxi Prov-ince(No.2023KY591) （22275169、21905258、22205049）
