林业科学2025，Vol.61Issue(9)：123-137,15.DOI:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20240650
"花眼"月季品种染色体倍性及其表型多样性分析
Analysis of Chromosome Ploidy and Phenotypic Diversity of Modern Rose Cultivars with Floral Blotches
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]In this study,a research was conducted on the ploidy,ornamental characters,and petal volatile components of floral blotches rose cultivars,for exploring and utilizing the breeding value of these cultivars,so as to provide a theoretical reference for the selection of parental plants and their hybrid offspring.[Method]In this study,13 modern rose cultivars with floral eyes were used as materials to identify their ploidy by flow cytometry.According to the ornamental characteristics of modern rose and the test guide of specificity,consistency and stability of new varieties of Rosa,25 phenotypic traits were screened,and analyses were carried out on phenotypic diversity and correlation.The floral components of its petals were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometer.[Result]1)Nine varieties,including'Pastel Babylon Eyes','Sunshine Babylon Eyes','Bull's Eye','Eyes for You','Queen Babylon Eyes','Eyeconic Lemonade','Amethyst Babylon','Sunset Babylon Eyes',and'Princess of Phoenicia',are tetraploid,and 4 varieties,including'Coral Babylon Eyes','Fancy Babylon Eyes','Xizi Xiawu',and'Alissar,Princess of Phoenicia',are presumed to be tetraploid.2)The tested varieties had rich phenotypic diversity,with a diversity index of quality traits ranging from 0.54 to 1.67,and a coefficient of variation ranging from 20.34%to 190.00%.The diversity index of quantitative traits ranged from 1.41 to 1.95,with a coefficient of variation of 8.09%-60.73%.3)There were extremely significant correlations(P<0.01)between 17 pairs of traits,such as flower diameter and petal length,and there were significant correlations(P<0.05)between 14 pairs of traits,such as floral blotch area and the ratio of floral blotch area to petal area.4)Through European cluster analysis,the 13 rose germplasm resources could be divided into 3 groups according to flower traits,leaf traits and plant height.5)In the principal component analysis,the cumulative contribution rate of the first 3 principal components reached 60.7%,and the characteristic factors were mainly leaf size,leaf shape,flower color,petal size,flower diameter,floral blotch area,stamen number,crown and plant height.6)A total of 72 volatile components were identified in petals of 13 rose varieties,which were rich in species but low in overall content.Among them,terpenes were the most diverse types in volatile substances,and aldehydes were the most highest content in volatile substances.According to the floral composition,13 modern rose cultivars with floral blotches were also divided into three groups.[Conclusion]The modern rose cultivars with floral blotches have a high proportion of tetraploid,rich phenotypic and floral composition diversity,providing important genetic resources for directional breeding.关键词
"花眼"月季/染色体倍性/观赏性状/挥发性成分Key words
the modern rose cultivars with floral blotches/chromosome ploidy/ornamental traits/volatile compounds分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
石广振,赵正楠,冯慧,杨娟,史恭发,阿尔达克·库万太,王磊,孙炜伦,王玲.."花眼"月季品种染色体倍性及其表型多样性分析[J].林业科学,2025,61(9):123-137,15.基金项目
国家林业和草原局林草创新联盟重点研发项目(GLM[2021]71号) （GLM[2021]71号）
国家自然科学基金项目(32573063). （32573063）
