Abstract
Objective:To analyze the clinical,endoscopic,pathological characteristics and trends of gastric polyps in this region over the past 9 years,hence provide reference for the diagnosis,treatment,and prevention of gastric polyps.Meth-ods:Gastroscopic reports and pathological diagnosis reports of patients admitted to the Department of Gastroenterology of Hongya County People's Hospital from January 2016 to December 2024 were retrospectively collected.Patients with gastric polyps confirmed by pathological test were included in this study,and their clinical,endoscopic,and pathological characteristics and annual trends were statistically analyzed.Re-sults:A total of 22,589 cases underwent gastroscopy,and 3,132 cases of gastric polyps were detected,with a detection rate of 13.87％.The detection rate of females was significantly higher than that of males(18.58％vs 9.54％;x2=385.522,P＜0.001).The detection rate of gastric polyps shows a significant upward trend as age increases(x2trend=486.378,P＜0.001).Specifically,the detection rate of gastric polyps increased year by year,from 9.59％in 2016 to 16.95％in 2024.Analysis of clinical,endoscopic,and pathological characteristics of different pathological types of gastric polyps revealed that adenom-atous polyps have a relatively balanced male to female composition,while other pathological types occurred more in females than in males(x2=31.627,P＜0.001).The average age of patients with adenomatous polyps was the highest,while the av-erage age of patients with gastric fundus adenomatous polyps was the lowest(F=4.997,P=0.002).The rates of smoking,alcohol consumption,and Helicobacter pylori(Hp)infection were significantly higher in patients with adenomatous polyps than in patients with other pathological types(x2=20.371,P＜0.001;x2=10.163,P=0.017;x2=463.085,P＜0.001).For gastric fundal gland polyps,multiple lesions are more common than single lesion,while other pathological types are mainly single lesion(x2=101.499,P＜0.001).The size of adenomatous polyps is mostly ≥ 1 cm,while other pathological types are mainly＜1cm(x2=262.314,P＜0.001).Gastric fundus adenomatous polyps,inflammatory polyps,and proliferative polyps are mainly found in the gastric body(49.92％,44.97％,30.04％)and cardia/fundus(25.96％,24.14％,24.32％),while the detection rate of adenomatous polyps in the gastric antrum/pylorus/angle(32.39％)is significantly higher than oth-er pathological types(x2=233.774,P＜0.001).The majority of gastric fundus gland polyps are type Ⅱ(69.95％),while most inflammatory and proliferative polyps are type Ⅰ(38.91％,33.03％)and type Ⅱ(44.18％,34.98％).The Yamada classification distribution of adenomatous polyps is relatively average(x2=580.775,P＜0.001).The incidence of gastric mu-cosal atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in adenomatous polyps was significantly higher than that in other pathological types(x2=289.137,P＜0.001).The severity of gastric mucosal atrophy and intestinal metaplasia in adenomatous polyps was sig-nificantly higher than that in other pathological types(x2=8.579,P=0.035).Conclusion:The detection rate of gastric pol-yps has been increasing year by year,with a higher incidence in females and the elderly.Gastric fundus gland polyps,in-flammatory polyps,and hyperplastic polyps are the most common pathological types.Attention should be paid to the differ-ences in age,Hp infection,size,location,and intestinal metaplasia among adenomatous polyps with the highest risk of malig-nant transformation.关键词
胃息肉/胃镜/临床/病理/流行病学Key words
Gastric polyps/Gastroscopy/Clinical/Pathology/Epidemiology分类
医药卫生
