山东中医药大学学报2025，Vol.49Issue(5)：573-577,5.DOI:10.16294/j.cnki.1007-659x.2025.05.006
《温病条辨》枳壳、枳实区分与应用探析
Analysis of Differentiation and Application of Zhiqiao(Aurantii Fructus)and Zhishi(Aurantii Fructus Immaturus)in Systematic Differentiation of Warm Diseases
摘要
Abstract
Both Zhishi(Aurantii Fructus Immaturus)and Zhiqiao(Aurantii Fructus)are fruits of the Citrus aurantium L.from the Rutaceae family.They have similar effects,but due to different harvesting times,resulting in different fruit maturity and size,their effects are slightly different.WU Jutong criticized contem-porary physicians for indiscriminately using Zhiqiao and Zhishi,and he employed these two herbs with precision and flexibility in Systematic Differentiation of Warm Diseases.He believed that Zhiqiao has pulp,is light and floats upward,and is more inclined to act on the upper energizer.It has a mild and gentle nature.When combined with aromatic herbs,it can disperse and resolve damp-turbidity,such as in Sanxiang Decoction(三香汤).When combined with Jiegeng(Platycodon Radix),it can smooth chest and relieve diaphragm stagnation,such as in Xingsu Powder(杏苏散).Zhishi is small in shape and solid in texture,and is more inclined to act on the middle and lower energizer.It has a strong qi-breaking effect.When combined with Kuxingren(Armeniacae Semen Amarum),it can promote the qi movement in the middle energizer,resolve dampness and relieve stuffiness,such as in Xingren Shigao Decoction(杏仁石膏汤).When combined with Banxia(Pinelliae Rhizoma)and Shengjiang(Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens),it can descend the adverse qi and stop vomiting,such as in Modified Renshen Xiexin Decoction(加减人参泻心汤).Zhishi has an urgent nature and is good at descending.It can open the pylorus and lead water downward,such as in Jieban Guiling Zhijiang Decoction(桔半桂苓枳姜汤).It can promote qi movement in the lower energizer and relax bowels,such as in Major Chengqi Decoction(大承气汤)and Minor Chengqi Decoctions(小承气汤).关键词
枳壳/枳实/《温病条辨》/吴鞠通/破气消积/化痰除痞/理气宽中/行滞消胀分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
晏蔓柔,李楠,付静思,钱琳琳,马晓北..《温病条辨》枳壳、枳实区分与应用探析[J].山东中医药大学学报,2025,49(5):573-577,5.基金项目
中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目(编号:YZX-202425) （编号:YZX-202425）
中国中医科学院科技创新工程重大攻关项目(编号:CI2021A00103) （编号:CI2021A00103）
国家中医药管理局《中华医藏》编纂项目(编号:GZY-KJS-2021-066) （编号:GZY-KJS-2021-066）
