饲料研究2025，Vol.48Issue(15)：13-18,6.DOI:10.13557/j.cnki.issn1002-2813.2025.15.003
冷季补饲精料对放牧牦牛血清生化指标及瘤胃菌群的影响
Effects of concentrate supplementation on serum biochemical indexes and rumen micorflora of grazing yaks in the cold season
摘要
Abstract
The experiment aimed to investigate the effects of concentrate supplementation in the cold season on serum biochemical indexes and rumen microflora of grazing yaks.A total of 40 six-year-old yaks were randomly divided into two groups,with five replicates per group and four yaks per replicate.The grazing group only grazed,while the supplementary feeding group was fed 1 kg of concentrate before grazing and after grazing,respectively.The pre-test period was 10 days,and the formal test period was 90 days.The results showed that compared with the grazing group,the concentrations of total protein and albumin,and the activities of aspartate aminotransferase,alanine aminotransferase,lactate dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphatase were significantly increased in the supplementary feeding group(P＜0.05).16S rDNA sequencing indicated that at the phylum level,Bacteroidota,Firmicutes_A,Verrucomicrobiota,Firmicutes_C and Firmicutes_D were the dominant phyla in the rumen fluid samples of the two groups.At the genus level,Prevotella,Bacteroides,Limimorpha,RF16 and SFMI01 were the dominant genera.Compared with the grazing group,the relative abundance of Firmicutes,Prevotella,SFMI01,UBA4334 and UBA1711 were significantly increased(P＜0.05),the relative abundances of Bacteroidota,Bacteroides,RF16,UBA1067 and Fibrobacter were significantly decreased(P＜0.05).The abundances of rumen microbiota in amino acid biosynthesis,fermentation,carbohydrate degradation and carboxylic acid degradation pathways were significantly increased in the supplementary feeding group(P＜0.05).The study indicates that concentrate supplementation in the cold season can significantly improve serum biochemistry and rumen fermentation,and reduce rumen flora richness and diversity,and enhance the energy supply,material metabolism and immunity of grazing yaks.关键词
牦牛/补饲/血清生化指标/瘤胃菌群Key words
yak/supplementation/serum biochemical indexes/rumen micorflora分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张犇,丁自强,康彦东,赵索南,杨涛,白玛多杰,索昂求培,郭宪..冷季补饲精料对放牧牦牛血清生化指标及瘤胃菌群的影响[J].饲料研究,2025,48(15):13-18,6.基金项目
青海省"昆仑英才"行动计划(项目编号:QHKLYC-GDCXCY-2024-378) （项目编号:QHKLYC-GDCXCY-2024-378）
现代农业(肉牛牦牛)产业技术体系建设专项(项目编号:CARS-37) （肉牛牦牛）
中国农业科学院科技创新工程(项目编号:25-LZIHPS-01) （项目编号:25-LZIHPS-01）
