水生生物学报2025，Vol.49Issue(10)：46-59,14.DOI:10.3724/1000-3207.2025.2025.0150
洱海鱼类群落食谱组成及营养生态位特征:来自特征脂肪酸研究的证据
DIET COMPOSITION AND TROPHIC NICHE OF FISH COMMUNITIES IN ERHAI LAKE:EVIDENCE FROM SIGNATURE FATTY ACID STUDIES
摘要
Abstract
Predation is a fundamental ecological process that structures fish communities.Comprehension of diet composition and trophic niche characteristics is imperative for elucidating interspecific trophic relationships,coexis-tence mechanisms,and optimizing food web structure and function.In this study,a comprehensive set of samples was collected from Erhai Lake,encompassing fish,particulate organic matter(POM),sediment organic material(SOM),plankton,and benthic organisms.The methods such as Quantitative Fatty Acid Signature Analysis(QFASA)was employed to characterize diet composition and trophic niche structure of dominant fish community.QFASA results indicated that planktonic fishes(Hemiculter leucisculus,Neosalanx taihuensis,and Hypomesus nipponensis)primarily relied on zooplankton,whereas bottom-dwelling fish species(Cyprinus carpio,Cyprinus carpio chilia,and Rhinogo-bius cliffordpopei)consumed Macrobrachium nipponense,Corbicula largillierti,and zooplankton.It is noteworthy that Pelteobagrus fulvidraco demonstrated piscivorous tendencies,with small fish constituting 54.42%of its diet.Trophic niche breadth(Standard Ellipse Area corrected,SEAc)exhibited significant variation among species,ranging from 0.40 to 9.30.Specifically,Carassius auratus exhibited the highest SEAc value of 9.30,followed by C.chilia(SEAc=7.31)and C.carpio(SEAc=6.43),reflecting their capacity for generalized resource utilization.Conversely,N.taihuensis(SEAc=1.00),H.leucisculus(SEAc=0.58),and H.nipponensis(SEAc=0.40)exhibited constrained niche breadth,reflecting specialized trophic strategies.The extent of trophic niche overlap ranged from 0 to 77.3%.The highest over-lap was observed between P.fulvidraco and C.chilia(77.3%),though QFASA revealed P.fulvidraco avoided direct competition through predation on small fish.High overlap also occurred between H.leucisculus and A.nobilis(72.5%),as well as C.auratus and C.chilia(50.2%),likely driving interspecific competition due to shared habitats and diets.These findings suggest that zooplanktivorous fish should be prioritized in community regulation,while emphasizing the conservation of population resources for indigenous species such as C.chilia.Integrating QFASA with trophic niche analysis effectively elucidates the trophic structure of fish community and reveals potential interspecific competition,providing theoretical insights for fish community regulation and food web optimization of Erhai Lake.关键词
洱海/鱼类群落/特征脂肪酸/食谱组成/营养生态位Key words
Erhai Lake/Fish community/Signature fatty acid/Dietary composition/Trophic niche分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
王森洋,匡晨亿,梁智策,周婷,王杨,邓城城,袁子昊,李广宇,郭传波..洱海鱼类群落食谱组成及营养生态位特征:来自特征脂肪酸研究的证据[J].水生生物学报,2025,49(10):46-59,14.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(2023YFD2400900) （2023YFD2400900）
国家大宗淡水鱼产业技术体系(CARS-45)(2022000109)资助Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFD2400900) （CARS-45）
the earmarked fund for CARS-45(2022000109) （2022000109）
