水土保持研究2025，Vol.32Issue(6)：38-46,56,10.DOI:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.06.012
基于立体摄影测量的黄土丘陵沟壑区生物结皮分布特征研究
Study on distribution characteristics of biological soil crusts in loess hilly and gully region based on stereophotogrammetry
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]As pioneer colonizing plants,biological soil crusts(BSCs)exhibit distribution patterns that are closely associated with slope aspect,geomorphic position,and land use type.Exploring the response of BSC distribution characteristics to topography and land use type after vegetation restoration in the loess hilly and gully region can provide a theoretical basis for evaluating vegetation restoration effectiveness on the Loess Plateau.[Methods]Taking BSCs under different slope aspects,entire slopes,and different land use types as research objects,a total of 19 sample plots were investigated using 3 m×3 m large quadrats.Stereo photogrammetry and ArcGIS supervised classification were used to accurately obtain the distribution characteristics of BSCs in the loess hilly and gully region.[Results](1)In grassland plots,total BSC coverage was highest on semi-shady slopes,being 7.17％,15.42％,and 10.68％higher than that on shady,sunny,and semi-sunny slopes,respectively.There was no significant difference in algal crust coverage among the four slope aspects,while moss crust coverage was highest on semi-shady slopes.In forest plots,BSC coverage was less than 5％across all slope aspects.(2)Across entire slopes,total BSC coverage was lowest on gully slopes(3.40％),being 33.83％,40.80％,and 59.43％lower than that on ridge crests,ridge slopes,and gully bottoms,respectively.Algal crust coverage on gully slopes was 16.27％～40.50％lower,and moss crust cover was 17.57％～21.90％lower compared to other topographic positions,(3)The total BSC coverage was highest on dryland(platform terraces),being 21.23％and 12.63％higher than that on dryland(terraced fields)and orchards,respectively,and 14.50％,77.27％,and 59.53％higher than that on natural grasslands,shrublands,and arbor forests,respectively.Algal and moss crust coverage was also highest on platform terraces.(4)The growth and development of BSCs were closely related to factors such as slope aspect,slope gradient,vegetation type,vegetation coverage,and litter accumulation.When litter coverage reached 50％,all crust coverage dropped below 25％.Vegetation coverage,slope gradient,and litter coverage were the direct and primary factors influencing algal crust and total BSC coverage,while litter coverage was the direct and primary factor influencing moss crust coverage.[Conclusion]Moisture conditions on shady/semi-shady slopes are favorable for the growth and development of BSCs.Due to steep gradients and relatively active soil erosion,gully slopes have low BSC coverage.Poor soil fertility on platform terraces limits the growth of vascular plants,leading to higher BSC coverage than in other land use types.Vegetation coverage,slope gradient,and litter coverage are important factors influencing BSC coverage.关键词
藻类结皮/藓类结皮/坡向/全坡面/土地利用类型Key words
algal crust/moss crust/slope aspect/entire slope/land use type分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张智健,邓杨旭,杨艳芬,王兵,张琴琴,王静..基于立体摄影测量的黄土丘陵沟壑区生物结皮分布特征研究[J].水土保持研究,2025,32(6):38-46,56,10.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目课题"延河小流域林果固土保肥与生态生产功能综合提升技术"(2023YFF1305103)国家自然科学基金面上项目"坡面土壤分离与泥沙输移耦合关系对生物结皮发育的响应机制"(42377352) （2023YFF1305103）
中国科学院"西部之光"西部青年学者A类"延河流域气候和土地利用变化的水文响应"(XAB2022YW03) （XAB2022YW03）
