水土保持研究2025，Vol.32Issue(6)：68-76,9.DOI:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2025.06.042
极端降雨条件下辽西地区农村道路路面侵蚀特征
Characteristics of rural road surface erosion in western Liaoning under extreme rainfall conditions
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]To analyze the erosion characteristics and hydrodynamic parameters of rural road surfaces in western Liaoning under extreme rainfall and different slope conditions,so as to explore the erosion mechanisms and provide a theoretical basis for erosion prevention and control of rural roads in this region.[Methods]The commonly used soil road,gravel road,and cement road in western Liaoning were selected as research subjects.Based on regional rainfall characteristics and topographical features,indoor artificial rainfall experiments were conducted with a rainfall intensity of 150 mm/h and slope gradients of 3°,5°,and 7°.[Results](1)The runoff rates of all three road types increased with slope gradient,generally in the order:cement＞gravel＞soil.For soil and gravel roads,the runoff rate at a slope gradient of 3° was significantly lower than those at 5° and 7°.For cement roads,the runoff rate exhibited minimal difference across tested slope gradients,indicating that the increase in slope gradient had little effect on the runoff rate.(2)The erosion rates of all three road types increased with slope gradient,generally in the order:cement＞soil＞gravel.The erosion rates of soil roads and cement roads increased by 8.33～11.36 times and 11.47～12.65 times,respectively,as slope gradient increased,demonstrating that the erosion rate was significantly affected by slope gradient.In contrast,the erosion rate of gravel roads increased only by 1.00～1.13 times,indicating that the gradient increase had little influence on its erosion rate.(3)Soil roads and cement roads exhibited high runoff velocities and low resistance coefficients,and the runoff on these roads was supercritical(Fr＞1)across all tested slope gradients,making them more susceptible to hydraulic erosion and damage.Gravel roads had low runoff velocity and high resistance coefficients,with relatively lower Fr and Re values,and were less affected by runoff erosion.[Conclusion]Under extreme rainfall and different slope conditions,cement roads experience the most severe runoff erosion due to their hardened surface and soil shoulders.Although gravel roads produce greater runoff volume as a result of their gravel-covered surface,their erosion rates are significantly lower than those of soil roads and cement roads.关键词
水土保持/产流产沙/模拟降雨/道路侵蚀Key words
soil and water conservation/runoff and sediment yield/simulated rainfall/road erosion分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张绍峰,吕刚,刘媛,张泰瑜,吴才都,顾逸之,李岷朔..极端降雨条件下辽西地区农村道路路面侵蚀特征[J].水土保持研究,2025,32(6):68-76,9.基金项目
辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(自主选题服务地方项目)"辽西北防沙带花生地风蚀防控关键技术研究"(LJ212410147029) （自主选题服务地方项目）
