钻探工程2025，Vol.52Issue(z1)：29-36,8.DOI:10.12143/j.ztgc.2025.S1.005
大洋钻探504B钻孔研究综述:从洋壳结构到地球系统科学前沿
A review of the ocean drilling Hole 504B research:From oceanic crust structure to the frontiers of earth system science
摘要
Abstract
The ocean drilling Hole 504B is a milestone in deep-sea scientific drilling.After more than 40 years and nine expeditions,it has reached a cumulative drilling depth of 2111m,and for the first time,it has systematically revealed the complete sequence of the upper oceanic crust in the Costa Rica Rift of the eastern Pacific Ocean(sedimentary layer-pillow basalt-transition zone-sheeted dyke complex).Through logging technology and the CORK in-situ monitoring device,the research has clarified the"shallow convection-deep supply"mechanism of the oceanic crust hydrothermal circulation,and discovered that there are chemolithoautotrophic microbial communities in the micro-fissures of the sheeted dyke section,with H₂ as the energy source.Its achievements have verified the core framework of the Penrose oceanic crust model,quantified the contribution of the hydrothermal system to the global carbon cycle(annual input of inorganic carbon accounts for 15%of the river input),and provided key analogies for the exploration of ancient hydrothermal activities on Mars and the subsurface ocean of Europa.Despite controversies such as the structural differences of oceanic crust with different spreading rates,the 504B borehole has promoted the paradigm shift in the study of deep Earth processes through an interdisciplinary approach,and its technical experience(such as high-temperature logging and data sharing platforms)has laid the foundation for deep-sea exploration and the study of extraterrestrial life.关键词
大洋钻探/深海探测/504B钻孔/洋壳结构/热液循环/深部生物圈Key words
ocean drilling/deep-sea exploration/Hole 504B/oceanic crust structure/hydrothermal circulation/deep biosphere分类
海洋科学引用本文复制引用
韩均中,宋刚,王瑜,牛庆磊,崔淑英,陈晓君,陈根龙,刘政涛..大洋钻探504B钻孔研究综述:从洋壳结构到地球系统科学前沿[J].钻探工程,2025,52(z1):29-36,8.基金项目
中国地质调查局地质调查项目"深海钻探工程关键技术支撑"(编号:DD20230400402) （编号:DD20230400402）
