中国农业科学2025，Vol.58Issue(17)：3473-3487,15.DOI:10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2025.17.009
滴灌不同用量的氮钾肥对土壤盐分及南疆香梨产量、品质的影响
Effects of Nitrogen and Potassium Application Rate on Soil Salinity,Yield and Quality of Korla Fragrant Pear Under Drip Irrigation in Southern Xinjiang
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]This study aimed to assess the impacts of nitrogen and potassium application rates under drip irrigation on the soil salinity,yield,and quality of labor-saving and high-density Korla fragrant pear orchards,and to put forward the appropriate nitrogen and potassium fertilization was crucial for scientific field fertilization management.[Method]Afield experiment was conducted,and the treatments included five nitrogen application rates(0,N0;100 kg·hm-2,N1;200 kg·hm-2,N2;300 kg·hm-2,N3;400 kg·hm-2,N4),four potassium application rates(0,K0;50 kg·hm-2,K1;100 kg·hm-2,K2;150 kg·hm-2,K3).The differences in soil salinity,yield and quality of fragrant pears under different nitrogen and potassium application levels were analyzed.The grey correlation analysis was used to assess the optimal N and K application rates.[Result]Nitrogen and potassium application rate significantly influenced soil salt accumulation in the 0-100 cm soil layer at different growth stages(P＜0.05).As the nitrogen rate increased,salt accumulation first decreased and then increased.The lowest salt accumulation was obtained from nitrogen application rate of 300 kg·hm-2,which was 18.7％-237.0％lower than other treatments.With potassium application rate increasing,salt accumulation gradually decreased.And the lowest value was obtained with potassium application rate of 150 kg·hm-2,which was 10.0％-219.1％lower than other potassium application rates.Both nitrogen and potassium application rate significantly influenced the yield and quality of fragrant pears(P＜0.05).The yield and fruit quality firstly increased and then decreased with the nitrogen application rate increasing,and the best was obtained from the nitrogen application rate of 300 kg·hm-2.The yield,single fruit weight,and soluble solids were 9.0％-16.7％,2.4％-8.6％,and 2.3％-5.8％higher than other nitrogen application rates treatments,respectively,while peel hardness decreased by 2.5％-4.1％.Higher potassium application rates result in a greater yield and quality,and the yield,fruit weight and soluble solid under potassium application rate of 150 kg·hm-2 were 2.2％-7.9％,2.3％-6.5％and 0.5％-3.7％greater than other potassium application rate treatments,respectively,while the peeling hardness decreased by 0.8％-8.0％.Grey correlation analysis indicated that N3K3 treatment produced a high yield and quality of Korla fragrant pear.[Conclusion]The appropriate nitrogen and potassium application rates were 300 and 150 kg·hm-2 for labor-saving cultivated Korla fragrant pear under drip irrigation.关键词
库尔勒香梨/滴灌施肥/省力化栽培/土壤盐分/产量/品质/南疆Key words
Korla fragrant pear/drip irrigation/labor-saving cultivation/soil salinity/yield/quality/Southern Xinjiang引用本文复制引用
王龙,王军,蒋静,刘浩,刘德召,李久生..滴灌不同用量的氮钾肥对土壤盐分及南疆香梨产量、品质的影响[J].中国农业科学,2025,58(17):3473-3487,15.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(52179055)、兵团科技项目(2022DB020) （52179055）
