草业学报2025，Vol.34Issue(10)：107-119,13.DOI:10.11686/cyxb2024353
肥料、保水剂和播种量互作对燕麦综合生产性能的影响
Effects of interactions among fertilizer,water retention agent,and seeding rate on the yield production performance of oat(Avena sativa)
摘要
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effects of interactions among fertilizer,polyacrylamide water-retention agent(PAC),and seeding rate on the yield,yield components and nutritive traits of oat(Avena sativa)in the Hulunbuir region.A field experiment was conducted with an orthogonal design using the oat cultivar'Qinghai 444'.The experiment was an incomplete 3×3×3 factorial design with three fertilizer treatments(A1,A2,A3),three levels of PAC(B1,B2,B3),and three seeding rates(C1,C2,C3)with nine of the 27 available treatment combinations implemented.The three fertilizer treatments were:A1=N,44.00 kg·ha⁻1 and P,83.00 kg·ha⁻1,A2=N,44.00 kg·ha⁻1 and P,41.00 kg·ha⁻1 and A3=N,89.00 kg·ha⁻1,P:41.00 kg·ha⁻1.The three PAC treatments were 60,75 and 90 kg·ha⁻1 PAC for B1,B2 and B3,respectively,and the three seeding rates were calculated to deliver 2.5,3.5 and 4.5 live seeds·ha⁻1 for C1,C2 and C3,respectively.Agronomic traits,individual plant biomass,forage yield,and nutritional quality indicators were analyzed for each combination of treatments.The results revealed that the total plant biomass,stem biomass,crude protein,calcium,and phosphorus content were significantly higher with the A3 level of fertilizer than with the A1 and A2 levels of fertilizer.As the concentration of PAC increased,the seedling number,spike number,tiller survival rate,sub-spike internode length,plant height,center of gravity height,lodging rate,and ash content increased,and total plant biomass,root biomass,and leaf biomass decreased.As the seeding rate increased,the stem number,spike number,center of gravity height,root biomass,and neutral detergent fiber content increased,whereas the grain number per plant,sub-spike internode length,spike length,plant height,spike position height,total plant biomass,spike biomass,and acid detergent fiber content decreased.Among the nine treatment combinations,the A3B1C3 treatment resulted in the highest stem number,second and third internode length,stem diameter,stem wall thickness,crude protein,ether extract,calcium,and phosphorus content,along with the lowest acid detergent fiber content.The A3B2C1 treatment resulted in the highest spike position,total plant biomass,stem biomass,and spike biomass.The results of a range analysis indicated that fertilizer application had the greatest impact on oat yield and quality at the flowering stage,followed by the water-retention agent,while seeding rate had the smallest effect.A multivariate evaluation using the membership function method identified the optimal combination for oat yield and quality performance as A3B1C3;i.e.,a fertilizer ratio of N:89.00 kg·ha⁻1,P:41.00 kg·ha⁻1,K:41.00 kg·ha⁻1,application of PAC at 60.00 kg·ha⁻1,and a seeding rate of 157.05 kg·ha⁻1.These findings provide a theoretical basis and technical guidance for sustainable and high-efficiency oat cultivation in the Hulunbuir region.关键词
燕麦/肥料配施/保水剂/播种量/农艺性状/草产量/营养品质Key words
oats(Avena sativa)/fertilizer application/water retention agent/sowing quantity/agronomic traits/grass yield/nutritional quality引用本文复制引用
马文艳,李杰东,周镇磊,曹东,刘宝龙,张怀刚,王东霞..肥料、保水剂和播种量互作对燕麦综合生产性能的影响[J].草业学报,2025,34(10):107-119,13.基金项目
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA26040101)资助. （A类）
