铁道科学与工程学报2025，Vol.22Issue(9)：4120-4132,13.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20241944
弧形声学黑洞超结构带隙机理及减振应用探索
Bandgap mechanism and vibration attenuation exploration of circular acoustic black holes metastructure
摘要
Abstract
To address the challenges of strong low-frequency vibration penetration,difficulty in elimination,and the conflict with lightweight design objectives in aerospace,transportation,and construction fields,this study proposed a novel arc-shaped acoustic black hole metastructure based on a frame structure.Using the numerical simulation method,the bandgap characteristics and vibration transmission properties of the structure were systematically investigated,revealing the bandgap formation mechanism of the acoustic black hole local resonant metastructure.The modal energy aggregation effects were thoroughly analyzed,and the regulatory principles of the band structure were summarized.In line with practical engineering requirements,a three-dimensional finite-width beam-plate model and a three-dimensional cross-shaped truss structure were constructed.The engineering feasibility of acoustic black holes in frame beam structures was experimentally validated.The results are drawn as follows.The coupling of acoustic black holes with local resonant structures can effectively excite low-frequency local resonant bandgaps,with a starting frequency of 400 Hz,which is 131 Hz lower than that of a metastructure without resonant masses.The bandgap range is significantly broadened,covering 78.9%of the 0～5 000 Hz frequency range.For different engineering application scenarios,both the arc-shaped acoustic black hole three-dimensional beam-plate structure and the cross-shaped acoustic black hole superstructure can achieve broadband low-frequency vibration suppression while maintaining high load-bearing stability.Specifically,the vibration attenuation frequency range of the three-dimensional beam-plate structure is 344～1 200 Hz,with a starting frequency 136 Hz lower than that of a non-resonant frame.The cross-shaped superstructure exhibits significant bending wave vibration attenuation characteristics in the 600～1 200 Hz range,and through different unit cell connection designs,a bandgap coverage of 59.5%in the 0～1 000 Hz range can be achieved.The results can provide theoretical foundations and technical references for the optimization and application of broadband low-frequency vibration attenuation structures under lightweight design constraints.关键词
声学黑洞/超结构/局域共振/带隙/减振特性Key words
acoustic black holes/metastructure/local resonance/bandgap/vibration attenuation分类
通用工业技术引用本文复制引用
赵艳菊,陈大伟,朱雷威,赵振飞,黄晴,周文希..弧形声学黑洞超结构带隙机理及减振应用探索[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2025,22(9):4120-4132,13.基金项目
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFB4301300) （2022YFB4301300）
