铁道科学与工程学报2025，Vol.22Issue(9)：4160-4171,12.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20241964
电力机车IGBT自然循环相变冷却系统建模与性能分析
Modeling and performance analysis of natural circulation phase change cooling system for electric locomotive IGBTs
摘要
Abstract
To solve the heat dissipation needs of the IGBT(Insulated Gate Bipolar Translate),the core device of electric locomotive,with multiple heat sources and high power,a multi-heat source natural circulation phase change cooling system was proposed in this paper.The system was configured with 10 cooling microchannels for each IGBT.Python programming was used to discrete the evaporator and condenser microchannels and connecting pipelines.The pressure loss model and two-phase flow heat transfer model were combined to establish a thermodynamic model that can calculate the performance of the system and the use of requirements.The system experimental bench was constructed by 1∶1,and the self-made heat source was used to simulate the heat generation process of IGBT.Two sets of cooling experiments under different power were carried out to test the cooling performance of the system.The thermodynamic model was evaluated by comparing the measured and calculated values of the evaporator outlet temperature and the heat source temperature.Based on the thermodynamic model,the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the system were calculated and analyzed under the designed working conditions.The performance of the system was investigated under different circulating flow rates and heat source powers.The results show that the designed system can meet the requirement of IGBT shell temperature≤65℃with the heat source temperature≤51℃under the condition of 200 W heat generation power of each heat source.Comparing the experimental values,the predicted value by the thermodynamic model has an error of≤0.06℃in the working fluid temperature and of≤2.64℃in the heat source temperature,indicating that the model can predict the system performance more accurately.In the cooling microchannels,there is a delay in the phase transition of the supercooled working fluid compared with the heating,in which the heat transfer coefficient is low,and the heat source may have a local high temperature.The temperature of the heat source decreases rapidly and then increases slowly as the circulation flow rate increases.An ideal circulation flow rate(0.80 NL/min)exists to minimize the heat source temperature.The system can work stably with a power of 250～500 W per heat source and has the best economic performance.The results can provide a reference for the design and optimization of the IGBT cooling system for electric locomotives.关键词
电力机车/IGBT/多热源/相变冷却/热力模型Key words
electric locomotive/IGBT/multiple heat sources/phase change cooling/thermodynamic model分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
胡金润,杜昱静,陈梅洁,刘斌,周萍,刘俊达,闫红杰..电力机车IGBT自然循环相变冷却系统建模与性能分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2025,22(9):4160-4171,12.基金项目
湖南省科技创新计划项目(2018GK4018) （2018GK4018）
