铁道科学与工程学报2025，Vol.22Issue(9)：4172-4181,10.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20241862
车载轨道电路补偿电容故障诊断装置设计
Design of fault diagnosis device for track circuit compensation capacitor in vehicle
摘要
Abstract
To address the needs of China's rapidly expanding railway network and advancing high-speed rail technology,this paper designed and implemented a dedicated compensation capacitor detection and fault diagnosis device for rail circuit inspection trolleys,targeting the issues of high cost and low efficiency in fault detection of compensation capacitors within jointless track circuits.Firstly,the detection principle of compensation capacitors in integrated inspection vehicles was rigorously analyzed.Building upon electromagnetic induction theory,this study proposed a dedicated detection method for track circuit inspection trolleys,whose key innovation involved inductance compensation in the closed loop through series-connected coils to achieve reliable capacitor detection.Next,a jointless track circuit transmission model was established using uniform transmission line and two-port network theories,with its accuracy validated by a modular equivalent circuit model incorporating resistors,capacitors,and inductors.Subsequently,voltage characteristics of feedback signals under various fault modes were obtained through simulation.The Fisher Score method was employed to identify optimal feature parameters,based on which a sample fault feature sequence set was constructed.The optimal grey relational degree model was then determined,achieving seamless integration between the embedded device and the fault diagnosis algorithm.Finally,the developed device adopts the STM32F412RGT6 microcontroller as its core,integrating multiple functional modules including excitation signal generation,feedback signal reception,filtering,voltage sampling,real-time communication,and faultdiagnosis.Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed device can reliably generate excitation signals and effectively receive feedback signals.After processing by the filtering and voltage sampling circuits,interference signals can be eliminated to obtain target detection data.Fault types in compensation capacitors can be accurately identified.The detection results can be transmitted to the host computer in real time.When mounted on the matched rail circuit inspection vehicle,the device significantly reduces labor costs and improves detection efficiency,demonstrating strong practical value for routine maintenance workflows in railway signaling departments and construction units.关键词
无绝缘轨道电路/补偿电容/故障诊断/灰色关联分析/嵌入式系统Key words
jointless track circuit/compensation capacitor/fault diagnosis/grey relational analysis/embedded system分类
交通工程引用本文复制引用
丁昀,邬芝权,伍妍蝶,吴彦良..车载轨道电路补偿电容故障诊断装置设计[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2025,22(9):4172-4181,10.基金项目
国家自然科学基金高铁联合基金资助项目(U2268201) （U2268201）
四川省自然科学基金面上项目(2025ZNSFSC0516) （2025ZNSFSC0516）
西南交通大学2024年本科教育教学研究与改革项目(JG2024017) （JG2024017）
