铁道科学与工程学报2025，Vol.22Issue(9)：4192-4203,12.DOI:10.19713/j.cnki.43-1423/u.T20241992
地铁风亭冷却塔与城市道路声场叠加效应分析
Analysis of superposition effect of metro wind pavilion cooling tower and urban roadway sound field
摘要
Abstract
Noise pollution caused by metro wind pavilions and cooling towers has become one of the pressing issues in rail transit systems.However,during noise mitigation efforts,it is found that controlling noise from individual auxiliary facilities alone often fails to meet regulatory requirements.In particular,near urban road areas,the superposition effect of multiple noise sources becomes the key issue for analysis and resolution.To comprehensively reveal the noise characteristics of metro station wind pavilions,cooling towers,and urban road traffic,and to analyze the impact of multi-source superposition effects on the environmental noise of sensitive buildings,this study was conducted.A typical multi-source noise scenario at a metro station in Beijing was selected for field noise measurements,collecting data on noise levels from wind pavilion,cooling tower,and road traffic.The equivalent continuous A-weighted sound level(LAeq)was used as evaluation metrics,and the spectral characteristics of each noise source were analyzed based on one-third octave band frequency analysis.A validated acoustic simulation model was constructed using the measured data to simulate noise distribution patterns for individual noise sources and their combined scenarios,quantitatively assessing their impacts on the sound environment and the effects of noise superposition.According to the measurements,the main frequency bands contributing to noise at the inlet and outlet of the wind pavilion are 250～3 150 Hz,while the cooling tower's air inlet spans 125～6 300 Hz and its air outlet ranges from 31.5～6 300 Hz.Urban road traffic noise primarily falls within the 200～4 000 Hz range.Due to the spectral overlap among multiple noise sources in this multi-source noise environment,the superimposed effect of these sources should be considered when addressing this issue.In multi-source noise scenarios,road traffic noise contributed more significantly to the overall sound pressure level.However,the low-frequency noise from cooling tower exhibited a high degree of identifiability due to its strong penetration and prolonged duration,which has a marked impact on residents'comfort and emerged as a major source of noise complaints.Additionally,the reflective and obstructive effects of structures such as sound barriers and walls significantly amplified the superposition effects of multi-source noise in high-rise building environments,resulting in elevated overall noise levels.In noise mitigation for sensitive buildings near metro stations,priority should be given to implementing low-frequency noise reduction measures for cooling towers to improve the acoustic environment quality.Moreover,urban road traffic noise should be incorporated into a comprehensive noise control strategy.The results can provide theoretical and practical guidance for noise control and sound environment optimization in complex multi-source noise scenarios.关键词
地铁/噪声/风亭/冷却塔/城市道路交通/叠加效应Key words
metro/noise/wind pavilion/cooling tower/urban road traffic/superimposed effect分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
张辉,王庆,刘欣,张培杰,王纪昀,刘强,张厚贵..地铁风亭冷却塔与城市道路声场叠加效应分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2025,22(9):4192-4203,12.基金项目
北京市财政项目(23CB010) （23CB010）
国家自然科学基金面上项目(12072208) （12072208）
北京市科学技术研究院财政资助项目(24CB001-10) （24CB001-10）
