工程研究——跨学科视野中的工程2025，Vol.17Issue(5)：590-603,14.DOI:10.3724/j.issn.1674-4969.20250085
大巧之经与天下工学——论《墨经》的工学定位
Engineering Philosophy Benefiting All Under Heaven:On the Positioning of the Mo Jing as Classics for Engineering
摘要
Abstract
This study addresses the contested positioning of the Mo Jing(《墨经》),arguing that existing interpretations—as dialectics,science,or encyclopedia—face explanatory limitations.To resolve this,we propose three methodological principles:proximity to original/related classics,self-consistency verification,and Sino-Western comparative analysis.Applying these principles,textual analysis reveals nine lines of evidence establishing the Mo Jing as an engineering classic.Crucially,we demonstrate that Mozis self-referential term"Classic of Great Ingenuity"(大巧之经)explicitly denotes the Mo Jing itself.Further analysis uncovers the Mohist innovation theory of"Four Creations and Five Aspirations"centering on"Engineering Benefiting All Under Heaven"(天下工学)as its core theme. Key findings show that both the Upper Canon(经上)and Lower Canon(经下)conclude with discussions on engineering philosophy,revealing the text's inherent engineering-philosophical nature.Notably,Mohist engineering philosophy(Mo Gong Philosophy)predates Western philosophy and science,emerging before their systemic maturation,while modern engineering philosophy developed post-industrialization—highlighting distinct historical trajectories.As the foundational textbook for Mohist disciples,the Mo Jing addresses essential questions of engineering innovation education through frameworks like"Mozi's Five Aspirations""Four Creations"and"Seven Cognitions"covering aspirations,innovations,professional ethics,epistemological methods,and multidisciplinary knowledge domains. We conclude that the Mo Jing constitutes the world's earliest integrated engineering textbook,encompassing engineering philosophy,pedagogy,and multidisciplinary content.This study pioneers three principles for classical text positioning,advances the first engineering-oriented classification of the Mo Jing,and provides the first systematic articulation of Mohist innovation concepts("Four Creations"and"Five Aspirations").Its contemporary relevance includes:(1)Interdisciplinary integration—Mo Gong philosophy naturally synthesizes social/natural sciences,engineering,and cognitive science;(2)Sustainability ethics—aligning with the UN's sustainability-engineering education framework through its focus on"benefiting all under heaven"(天下之利);(3)Civilizational dialogue—as humanity's sole continuous ancient civilization,China offers Mo Gong philosophy's wisdom of system thinking,inclusive love,integrative intellect,and sustainable coexistence to address global challenges.关键词
墨经/工学/创新/工程哲学/工程教育Key words
Mo Jing/engineering/innovation/philosophy of engineering/engineering education分类
社会科学引用本文复制引用
纪阳..大巧之经与天下工学——论《墨经》的工学定位[J].工程研究——跨学科视野中的工程,2025,17(5):590-603,14.基金项目
北京市高等教育学会课题(MS2024296) （MS2024296）
北京邮电大学数智北邮"揭榜挂帅"融创项目(RCXM-2025-002) （RCXM-2025-002）
北京邮电大学研究生教育教学改革与研究项目(2024Y057) （2024Y057）
