广西植物2025，Vol.45Issue(9)：1563-1577,15.DOI:10.11931/guihaia.gxzw202404015
西沙群岛的有害植物及其防控策略
Pernicious plants in the Xisha Islands and their control strategies
摘要
Abstract
The Xisha Islands are a group of tropical coral islands in the northwest of the South China Sea.In these islands,the natural environment is unique and harsh,the biodiversity is low,and the ecosystem is extremely fragile.Threat from pernicious plants is one of the important factors for vegetation degradation in the Xisha Islands.It is necessary to investigate the pernicious plant species and their distribution,and the extent of harm in the Xisha Islands.In this research,field investigation on the 24 islands with vegetation in the Xisha Islands was conducted,and the species composition,distribution,growth characteristics and hazard degree of pernicious plants were comprehensively investigated and analyzed in combination with relevant literature and evaluation system.The results were as follows:(1)There were 26 species of pernicious plants belonging to 20 genera and 10 families in the Xisha Islands,of which the number of plant species belonging to four families of Asteraceae,Fabaceae,Verbenaceae and Lauraceae,accounted for 53.8%of the total number species of pernicious plants.(2)According to their growth,distribution,and hazard degree,pernicious plants could be classified into three hazard levels.The Level 1 of pernicious plants included Cassytha filiformis,Chromolaena odorata,Wollastonia biflora,Leucaena leucocephala,Bidens pilosa and Tridax procumbens,mainly distributed in Yongxing Dao,Dong Dao,Chenhang Dao,and Shanhu Dao.(3)The severity of pernicious plants was closely related to the total number of plant species and area of the island.The life form of pernicious plants in the Xisha Islands was mainly terrestrial herbs,accounting for 57.7%.The pernicious plants mainly came from the Americas,with a similar proportion of natural spread,unintentional introduction,intentional introduction sources.Based on the above results,it is suggested to conduct long-term monitoring of pernicious plants in the Xisha Islands,and formulate scientific prevention and control strategies for pernicious plants that have caused serious harm,including strengthening inspection and quarantine,physical removal,chemical control,alternative control,and publicity and education,etc.The research results provide important basic data,scientific and technological support for the protection,health and sustainable development of the vegetation and ecosystems in the Xisha Islands.关键词
有害植物/入侵植物/西沙群岛/热带珊瑚岛/控制策略/风险评估Key words
pernicious plants/invasive plants/the Xisha Islands/tropical coral islands/control strategy/risk assessment分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
蔡洪月,蒲林,童升洪,陈权,刘东明,简曙光..西沙群岛的有害植物及其防控策略[J].广西植物,2025,45(9):1563-1577,15.基金项目
国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFC3103700) （2022YFC3103700）
广东省科技计划项目(2019B21201005) （2019B21201005）
深圳职业技术大学科研启动项目(6022312013K). （6022312013K）
