福建农业学报2025，Vol.40Issue(6)：548-557,10.DOI:10.19303/j.issn.1008-0384.2025.06.002
番石榴'红宝石'种子败育机理细胞学研究
Cytological Analysis on Seed Abortion of Psidium guava'Ruby'
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]Seed-abortion mechanism in the fruit development of seedless Ruby guava was studied based on the cellular observations to aid the breeding and cultivating the unique variety.[Method]Seedless Ruby and Watermelon guava were compared on flower morphology,pollen germination,hybrid pollination,embryonic blastocyst paraffin section examination,and ovule pollination and fertilization.[Result]The floral organs of Ruby guava developed fully without apparent defects.The anthers were filled with pollen grains which germinated at a rate of 72.66%,mostly with normal pollen tubes and fertility.In a cross-pollination test,all Ruby fruits were emasculated and not pollinated,indicating an inability to set seeds unisexually.Its diploid chromosomal ploidy was normal,and so was the ovule shown by the regular structure of the ovary and embryo sac.From the day of flowering to the 5th day afterward,the embryo sac developed normally,turning from a spherical to heart shape.Then,a torpedo-like structure appeared with a hollowing core.After the sperms entered the embryo sac in pollination,some ovules began to die in 7d.The lasting absence of sperm-egg fusion invariably caused the polar nucleus to degrade by the 11th day with disappearing funicles,disintegrating ovules,emptying embryos,and eventual death of most ovules.[Conclusion]The stimulating parthenogenesis type of fertilization of Ruby guava required successful pollination to form the seedless fruits.Failure to inseminate the eggs invariably led to the seed abortion that started in 7d and ended in ovule death in 11d after pollination.关键词
番石榴/种子败育/花粉/胚囊/解剖结构/染色体倍性Key words
guava/seed abortion/pollen/embryo sacs/anatomy/chromosomal ploidy分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
黄婉莉,张冬敏,刘俊斌,肖世伟,符喜喜,陈心怡,欧雅姗,张朝坤..番石榴'红宝石'种子败育机理细胞学研究[J].福建农业学报,2025,40(6):548-557,10.基金项目
漳州市自然科学基金项目(ZZ2024J02) （ZZ2024J02）
